Published by Garnet Publishing Ltd. 8 Southern Court South Street
Reading RG1 4QS, UK
www.garneteducation.com Copyright © 2010 Garnet Publishing Ltd.
The right of Sue Argent and Olwyn Alexander to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Design and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Publisher. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
First published 2010. Reprinted 2012, 2014, 2020.
ISBN: 978-1-85964-524-6
British Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Production Production manager: Pam Park Project manager:
We would also like to thank the following for their subject-specific expertise and advice: Professor Brian Austin (School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University) on laboratory health and safety; Jennifer Argent on Environmental Science Studies; Iain Argent on Computer Science Studies. Any errors in the book are our fault and result from not asking these people the right questions.
Jo Caulkett
Project consultant: Rod Webb Editorial team:
Illustration:
Photography: Audio:
Jo Caulkett, Sue Cope, Julie Moore
Design and layout: Mark Slader, Christin Helen Auth, Mike Hinks Doug Nash
corbis.com,
gettyimages.com,
istockphoto.com,
fotosearch.com
Recorded at Motivation Sound Studios, produced by EFS Television Production Ltd.
Printed and bound in Lebanon by International Press:
interpress@int-press.com
Finally, many thanks to family, friends and teaching colleagues who gave us permission to present them in the pages of this book as staff at Gateway University. You know who you are.
Sue Argent and Olwyn Alexander, February 2010
The authors and publisher would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce copyright material: Definitions on pages 104 and 195 from Macmillan Dictionary © Macmillan Publishers Limited 2010, reprinted by permission of Macmillan Education. Text and graph on pages 181–182 reproduced with kind permission of John Cook,
http://www.skepticalscience.com. Temperature trends graph on page 182 reproduced by permission of American Geophysical Union. Website extract on page 20 reproduced with kind permission of UCAS. Text on page 185 reproduced with kind permission of the Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology. Text on page 193 printed with kind permission of the Fairtrade Foundation (
http://www.fairtrade.org.uk). Extracts on pages 18 and 102 adapted with kind permission of Cambridge University Press.
Author acknowledgement
We would like to thank all those who gave us valuable feedback on early drafts of this book, in particular the readers and editors at Garnet Education and our colleagues, Jane Richardson, Tom Pritchard and George Woolard. We are especially grateful to Jane and Tom and their students for their intelligent and perceptive suggestions when piloting the draft material as a course.
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ACCESS EAP: Foundations
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