ANTI-POLLUTION ■ Hawaii state became the first body to ban the sale and distribution of sunscreens made with oxybenzone and octinoxate 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Figure 1: Trend in changing regulations related to marine and coral safety across the globe


the world have now banned the use of organic sunscreens (octinoxate, octocrylene and oxybenzone.15-18


Figure 1 presents the global


trend of changing regulations. Along with government bans, certain


private bodies have also started certifying brands claiming to be reef safe. Biorius, a European certification agency has rolled out a ‘Reef Friendly certification’ for products formulated without sunscreen agents, examples, oxybenzone, octinoxate, octocrylene, 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, PABA derivatives (e.g. ethylhexyl dimethyl PABA and PEG-25 PABA), octisalate, homosalate and avobenzone and other ingredients such as parabens, phthalates, triclosan, microplastics and nanomaterials. Further sunscreens should be water-resistant to qualify for the certification.19 Haereticus Environmental Lab has created


a certification, ‘Protect Land + Sea’ to help consumers identify brands vigilant towards environmental issues. The certification requires non-usage of materials toxic to marine life and coral reefs, sustainable packaging and labelling and environmentally responsible practices.20 Friend of the Sea, a part of the World


Sustainability Organisation and recognised by the the UN’s State of Sustainability Initiatives awards a Reef Safe certification to products that meet rigorous standards for environmental sustainability and coral reef protection. To earn this certification, products


must exclude harmful chemicals including methoxycinnamate, oxybenzone, octisalate, octocrylene and butylparaben, microplastics and other materials toxic to marine life.21


Conclusion Coral and marine life safety is an increasing concern as pollution levels reach new heights. While the impact of sunscreens and cosmetic additives may seem minor, it remains significant and cannot be overlooked. With material and design innovations,


formulators are now equipped to create beautiful and effective sunscreens that have


www.personalcaremagazine.com


a lower environmental impact. Additionally, regulators should proactively address these ecological concerns and expedite the approval process.


References 1. Danovaro R, Bongiorni L, Corinaldesi C, Giovannelli D, Damiani E, Astolfi P et al. Sunscreens Cause Coral Bleaching by Promoting Viral Infections. Environ. Health Perspect. 2008; Apr;116(4):441–7


2. Baker AC. Reef corals bleach to survive change. Nature. 2001 Jun;411(6839):765–6


3. The Truth About Corals and Sunscreen. Smithsonian Ocean [Internet]. https://ocean. si.edu/ecosystems/coral-reefs/truth-about- corals-and-sunscreen


4. Yuan S, Huang J, Qian W, Zhu X, Wang S, Jiang X. Are Physical Sunscreens Safe for Marine Life? A Study on a Coral– Zooxanthellae Symbiotic System. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2023; Oct 24;57(42):15846–57


5. Chatzigianni M, Pavlou P, Siamidi A, Vlachou M, Varvaresou A, Papageorgiou S. Environmental impacts due to the use of sunscreen products: a mini-review. Ecotoxicology. 2022; Nov;31(9):1331–45


6. Battistin M, Pascalicchio P, Tabaro B, Hasa D, Bonetto A, Manfredini S et al. A Safe-by- Design Approach to “Reef Safe” Sunscreens Based on ZnO and Organic UV Filters. Antioxidants. 2022; Nov 9;11(11):2209–24


7. Miller I, Pawlowski S, Kellermann M, Petersen-Thiery M, Moeller M, Nietzer S et al. Toxic effects of UV filters from sunscreens on coral reefs revisited: regulatory aspects for “reef safe” products. Environ. Sci. Eur. 2021; Dec 1;33(1):74–86


8. Degen A, Kosec M. Effect of pH and impurities on the surface charge of zinc oxide in aqueous solution. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 2000; May;20(6):667–73


9. Smijs TG, Pavel S. Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreens: focus on their safety and effectiveness. Nanotechnol. Sci. Appl. 2011; Oct;95-112


10. Lionetti N, Rigano L. The New Sunscreens


■ In March 2021, the Hawaii state further banned sunscreens containingthe avobenzone and octocrylene. In August 2021 (15). Thailand banned the use of sun protection products containing oxybenzone, octinoxate, 4-methylbenzylidene camphor or butylparaben in marine parks (15).


■ In September 2022, Hawaii passed a new law for use of mineral sunscreens only (17).


(15, 16). ■ Palau an island nation in the Pacific ocean, became the first country to introduce a ban on oxybenzone and octinoxate (15, 16)


■ Key West, Florida became the first place in mainland USA to ban the sale of sunscreens containing oxybenzone and


octinoxate (15). ■ U.S. Virgin Islands' introduced the historic "Toxic 3 Os" Sunscreen Ban for oxybenzone, octocrylene and octinoxate (15).


■ Aruba banned harmful sunscreens in an effort to conserve its coral reefs (15).


39


among Formulation Strategy, Stability Issues, Changing Norms, Safety and Efficacy Evaluations. Cosmetics. 2017; Jun;4(2):15-25


11. Sunjin Beauty Science: Introducing a Capsule Product with Light Feeling and High UV Protection for Sunscreen Gel Formulation! by Sunjin Beauty Science (formerly Sunjin Chemical) - Personal Care & Cosmetics [Internet]. https://www. ulprospector.com/en/asia/PersonalCare/ Detail/3858/7245843/SUNJIN-BEAUTY- SCIENCE-Introducing-a-Capsule-Product- with-Light-Feeling-and-High-UV- Protection-for-Sunscreen-Gel-Formulation!


12. Fantini R, Argenziano M, Cavalli R, Arletti R, Mino L. Zeofilters for potentially innovative sunscreen products: formulation, stability and spectroscopic studies. J. Photochem. Photobiol. Chem. 2024; Jul;452:1155-85


13. Morabito K, Shapley N, Steeley KG, Tripathi A. Review of sunscreen and the emergence of non-conventional absorbers and their applications in ultraviolet protection. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 2011; Apr 21;33:385–90


PC


14. Michele TM. An Update on Sunscreen Requirements: The Deemed Final Order and the Proposed Order | FDA [Internet]. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/ cder-conversations/update-sunscreen- requirements-deemed-final-order-and- proposed-order#:~:text=For%20more%20 information%2C%20please%20visit,SPF%20 value%20of%20a%20sunscreen


15. 7 Destinations with Sunscreen Bans, and What You Need to Know. Condé Nast Traveler [Internet]. https://www.cntraveler. com/story/these-destinations-are- banning-certain-sunscreens


16. Hawaii bans sunscreens that harm coral reefs | CNN [Internet]. https://edition.cnn. com/2018/07/03/health/hawaii-sunscreen- ban/index.html


17. Hawai‘i Senate Bill Bans Harmful Sunscreen Chemicals - Center for Biological Diversity [Internet]. https://biologicaldiversity.org/w/ news/press-releases/hawaii-senate- bill-bans-harmful-sunscreen-chemicals- 2021-03-09/#:~:text=Hawai’i%20 Senate%20Bill%20Bans,Chemicals%20 %2D%20Center%20for%20Biological%20 Diversity&text=HONOLULU%E2%80%94%20 Sunscreens%20containing%20two%20 harmful,by%20the%20Hawai’i%20Senate


18. Coral: Palau to ban sunscreen products to protect reefs [Internet]. https://www.bbc. com/news/science-environment-46046064


19. Reef Friendly sunscreen certification - Biorius [Internet]. https://biorius.com/ cosmetics-certifications/


20. What is Protect Land + Sea? | Badger Blog Post – BADGER [Internet]. https:// haereticus-lab.org/protect-land-sea- certification-3/#:~:text=Products%20 labeled%20with%20the%20 %E2%80%9CProtect,on%20the%20 %E2%80%9CHEL%20LIST.%E2%80%9D


21. Sustainable Nutraceutical Products Supplements Omega3 & Fish Oil [Internet]. https://friendofthesea.org/sustainable- standards-and-certifications/sustainable- omega-3-oil/


October 2024 PERSONAL CARE


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