64 TRENDING TECHNOLOGIES
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Figure 2: ROS production by keratinocytes subjected to H2 p <0.001 vs Untreated control; *** p <0.001 vs H2
O2
O2
stress. $$$ - one-way ANOVA
followed by Tukey’s range test. Normal human epidermal keratinocytes were treated for 24 hours with six concentrations of holy basil (HB) polyphenols (0.00032% to 0.01% dm) or the antioxidant reference molecules: Quercetin 10 µM or Vitamin C 500 µM, before incorporation of the H2DCF-DA probe. The keratinocytes were then stimulated with 100 µM hydrogen peroxide (H2
O2 ) for 20 minutes. ROS production
was evaluated by measuring the fluorescence emitted by the probe in contact with the ROS
Ayurveda is built on the observation of
how nature works in order to understand and apply these intuitive tools. That is why phytochemistry plays a main role in body health but also in mental health, or what we more commonly call wellbeing.
From plant to active: hidden powers of holy basil Holy Basil or Ocimum sanctum comes from India and has been being used for 50,000 years in ayurvedic medicine where it is considered an ‘elixir of life’. Holy basil is an adaptogenic plant, which means that it enables the body to adapt to different stresses. It is renowned for its anti-stress, anti-inflammatory and stimulating properties. The latter are associated with its rich composition in polyphenols - mainly rosmarinic acid, ursolic acid, phenolic acids and derivatives of apigenin.
Figure 3: ROS production by fibroblasts subjected to Menadione stress. $$$ p <0.001 vs Untreated control; * p <0.05; *** p <0.001 vs Menadione - one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. Normal human fibroblasts were treated for 24 hours with 0.001% and 0.005% dm holy basil (HB) polyphenols or 10 mM N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger molecule used as an antioxidant reference. Oxidative stress was then induced by incubation for 1 hour in the presence of 20 µM menadione. Menadione, or 2-methyl-1,4- naphthoquinone, is a polycyclic aromatic ketone frequently used to generate ROS production.11
The ROS were labeled with the CellRox probe; intracellular fluorescence, proportional to the amount of ROS, was measured Laboratoires Expanscience has studied
properties of the molecules which compose Ocimum sanctum. Holy basil polyphenols are obtained through a hydro-glycolic extraction from the leaves of Ocimum sanctum sourced from Thailand. These polyphenols protect the skin
from external aggressions (pollutants, solar irradiation) as well as internal aggressions like psychological stress. In vitro and clinical studies have been conducted in order to determine the potential action of the ayruvedic plant against the inflammaging process.
Biological mechanisms of holy basil polyphenols Inflammaging is the association of skin ageing and inflammatory response. Properties of holy basil polyphenols (Figure 2) have been demonstrated by in vitro studies.
Vehicle■ Cortisol 1 µM ■ Cortisol 1 µM + BS 0.001%ms■ Cortisol 1 µM + BS 0.005%ms■ Cortisol 1 µM + AA 1mM■
600 400 200 0 -200 0 1 2 3 4 5 Time (min)
Figure 4 : Measurement of NO production by keratinocytes under cortisol stress. NO production by normal human epidermal keratinocytes was measured by continuous amperometry, for 10 minutes, after treatment with 1 µM cortisol in the presence of the holy basil (HB) polyphenols at 0.001% and 0.005% dm or 1 mM ascorbic acid (AA) (positive reference)
PERSONAL CARE June 2022 6 7 8 9 10
Antioxidant protection Oxidative stress represents the imbalance between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defenses. In excess, this is one of the main mechanisms associated with cell ageing. Indeed, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are able to destabilize the various cellular components (proteins, lipids, nucleic acids) and to induce significant molecular damage. The antioxidant properties of holy basil
polyphenols are as follows: ■ Inhibit ROS production in keratinocytes and fibroblasts. ■ Inhibit cortisol-induced NO production, mimicking psychological stress, in keratinocytes. ■ Inhibit lipid peroxidation. ■ Restore intracellular glutathione levels.
Inhibition of reactive oxygen species production generated by oxidative stress The antioxidant activity of holy basil polyphenols was investigated by evaluating the amount of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) produced under the effect of oxidative stress induced by peroxide hydrogen (H2
O2 ) or by menadione (2-methyl-
1,4-naphthoquinone). Figure 2 shows the holy basil polyphenols significantly, and in a dose- dependent manner, inhibited the production of ROS by keratinocytes in response to oxidative stress induced by H2
O2 .
Inhibition of menadione stress-induced ROS production in fibroblasts Figure 3 shows holy basil polyphenols significantly inhibited menadione stress-induced ROS production in fibroblasts. Holy basil polyphenols thus have an antioxidant potential.
Protection against oxidative damage linked to psychological stress Cortisol is the primary stress hormone in humans. It regulates numerous physiological
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ROS (Fluorescence intensity) Delta NO relese amplitude (nM)
ROS (Unités Arbitraires)
Control H202 100µM Quercetin 10µM Vitamin C 500µM HB 0.00032% ms HB 0.00063% ms HB 0.00125% ms HB 0.0025% ms HB 0.005% ms HB 0.01% ms
Control Menadione 20µM NAC 10mM HB 0.001% ms HB 0.005% ms
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