TRENDING TECHNOLOGIES
Delivering probiotics via just-add-water tech
James V Gruber- BotanicalsPlus Jed Riemer- Jeen International
The human microbiome is a complex milieu of numerous microorganisms, fungi, viruses, and microscopic insects that inhabit the expanse of surface over and in the entire human body. The combination of the skin, gut, and mouth/airway microbiome impacts various aspects of human health and physiology. When the system is working well, that is,
when it is well balanced, the body is usually very healthy. Yet when there is an imbalance, the consequences can be profound to the point where a disruption in the microbiome of either the skin, gut or mouth/airways can lead to a significant dysbiosis that could, in extreme circumstances, potentially result in death. So, the study of the human microbiome
is a significantly important science that can lead to new ideas in human health, aging and appearance. The science around delivering living microorganisms to the gut has been actively studied for many years and there are numerous products on the market, from items like yogurt to tableted probiotic nutritional supplements, that can deliver beneficial microorganisms to the gut. The key advantage of delivering such living
probiotics to the gut is the ingredients can be delivered either refrigerated (like yogurt) or in dehydrated, quiescent but viable powders, like nutritional supplements, that are simply swallowed. This negates the necessity for the products to contain preservatives. And therein lies the rub for the difficulty to deliver similar probiotics, that is living microorganisms, to the skin.
Problems around delivering living microorganisms to the skin In a well-written review published recently in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, Yu et al discussed the growing influence of probiotics as they are related to applications on the skin.1
In either case, the products are not providing
true probiotics which must be living, viable microorganisms. This trap is not unique for these authors. In a recent review that appeared in the British Journal of Dermatology, the authors did an excellent job of reviewing the literature around the therapeutic influence of living probiotics on troubled skin, but occasionally it can be noted that the products being applied were described as lysates.2
lysates are not probiotics. Nonetheless, using microbially-derived
However, the authors fell into a trap that
frequently influences discussion on probiotics related to the skin. In the paper, one will find reference to terms
like filtrate, supernatant, lysate and extract, or the terms tyndallized and heat-killed also appear. The problem with these terms is they are not describing probiotics, they are describing most likely postbiotic technologies where living microorganisms are grown outside of contact with the skin and then are killed and either added to the topical product as dead microorganisms (heat-killed, tyndallized) or are ruptured and the water-insoluble components are removed (filtrate, lysate, supernatant, extract).
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ingredients in which the microorganisms are not living or have been ruptured and filtered is considerably easier to do in cosmetic formulations that require microbial control. In most finished cosmetic formulations that contain water, the sum of the ingredients must be preserved against microbial and fungal growth.
This is typically done by adding a
well-established preservative such as phenoxyethanol, or it may be done by adding unique lipophilic ingredients such as oils or emollients that also happen to have biocidal benefits. In the latter case, the formulations are often touted as being ‘preservative-free’, but the fact remains the formulations must be able to keep microbial contamination from occurring if water is present in the finished formulation and
ABSTRACT
Skin and hair care products that exist as water-based emulsions must contain preservatives to prevent the unintended growth of microbes and fungi. Whether these ingredients are added as well- known preservatives, or as unusual oils or lipophilic molecules added as emollients that control microbial growth, the fact remains, in cosmetic products that contain water, microbial contamination is a very challenging problem. BotanicalsPlus, in collaboration with partner company Jeen international, is investigating the use of the latter’s patented just-add-water powder technologies to potentially store and maintain viable probiotic cultures to be reconstituted at the point-of-use to deliver living probiotic cultures to the skin via elegant emulsions. This article introduces these new ideas, which are being called Stratabiosys™ Technologies.
the industry has established extensive microbial challenge testing protocols to establish that determination of microbial cleanliness.
Again,
Current skin microbiome probiotic technologies Technology designed to influence the skin microbiome using probiotics has expanded and the review by Yu et al., does an excellent job of reviewing the impact of skin probiotic application to troubled skin.2
Also, a recent
book delves more deeply in skin microbiome related cosmetic and therapeutic benefits and technologies.3 As noted above, some recently published
reviews have discussed the potential for topical administration of living probiotic microorganisms to the skin. However, because of the dearth of literature related to direct application of living microorganisms on the skin, such review articles frequently include application of pre- and post-biotic ingredients as well which are not, technically, probiotics. The government tracks certain clinical studies that have been submitted to the US Library of Medicine via the
Clinicaltrials.gov website.4
consumer companies, including Burt’s Bees [Identifier NCT03819179]. Johnson & Johnson [Identifier NCT03264677] and Kimberly Clark
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In this database, one can find several
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