February, 2019
www.us-tech.com Protecting Liquid-Sensitive Devices Continued from previous page
IPX8-level test outlined previously but on live LED light strips immersed in the same saltwater over 60 minutes. The LEDs were assessed pre- and post-immersion testing for corrosion and functionality. This was performed as a “reality check” to compare the results observed with the IPC-B-25A boards. NanoProof 7.0 and NanoProof
8.4 exceed the criteria for moisture and insulation resistance. The mois- ture and insulation resistance test- ing were designed to stress the applied coating through exposure to various temperatures and humidities and expose any contaminants pres- ent on the board or in/on the coating may react with water over time and form conductive traces. Conathane CE-1164 and Humi -
Seal 1B31 have resistance values of 1.3E+10 and 6E+10 (values listed by the manufacturers) after MIR test- ing, respectively, which are similar to the values for NanoProof 7 and NanoProof 8.4. This indicates that all the coatings are appropriate for insu- lation of conductive surfaces.
Experimental Results The general IPX7 immersion
testing standards call for the immer- sion of finished devices in regular water for 30 minutes. After immer- sion, the finished electronic device was evaluated for functionality. The Aculon IPX8 modified testing was more strenuous in that an exposed board was directly submerged and polarized in salt water with 18V of direct current over a period of 60 minutes. To further stress the insu- lation, the test was rerun at 50 VDC with newly coated boards. Exposed uncoated test boards
were severely damaged when pow- ered up while immersed in salt water. The current range around 2.5 mA was internally limited to 2.5 mA to protect the ammeter. Upon closer inspection of the boards, it was evi- dent post-immersion that the board had become extremely corroded. After coating with the Nano -
Proof chemistries, the results were completely different. On average, the current did not
exceed 100 nA. Test boards 1 and 2 spiked over 100 nA, which is most likely due to line noise or interfer- ence from other electrical equipment that the picoammeter detected as a result of the scale at which the cur- rent was measured. In general, the safety standards for electrical de - vices, such as handheld devices, can leak on a larger scale (up to 250 µA) than the current being detected. The development of negative currents can be attributed to line noise due to the scale at which current is measured. Since the boards have such low leak- age currents, ion migration is mini- mal and the coating provides a high amount of insulation. On average, the amount of insu-
lation resistance for NanoProof 7.0 applied in this manner was in the gigaohm range. Compared with an uncoated IPC board, the leakage cur- rent was scaled down by a factor of nearly 100,000. Even at its highest amount of
leakage, 204 nA, and the lowest amount of leakage for the uncoated board, around 2 mA, the amount of current leakage was still lowered by
a factor of 10,000 for NanoProof 7.0. In the case of NanoProof 8.4,
the current did not exceed 250 nA. On average, NanoProof 8.4 provided insulation in the gigaohm range. All these leakage rates were exponen- tially smaller than that of an uncoat- ed board. There was a decrease in leakage
current by a factor of 40,000 on aver- age for NanoProof 8.4. When com- pared with the lowest leakage rate for the uncoated board and the high- est leakage rate of one of the NanoProof 8.4 boards, the decrease was still by a factor of 10,000. To summarize, indicators show that 2D test circuity of the four test-
ed coatings will demonstrate similar circuit protection from water. How - ever, when functional 3D devices were tested with HumiSeal and Conathane coatings, they exhibited corrosion and device failure in less than 60 minutes of saltwater immer- sion testing. The devices coated with NanoProof 7.0 and Nano Proof 8.4 did not. Aculon NanoProof 7 and 8
series of coating chemistries create an insulation barrier for electronics protecting them from liquid media and prevents liquid-induced damage during operation. In today’s competitive market- place, where the value of electronic
devices (particularly smartphones) is constantly rising, not having effective water resistance for the device is becoming a serious red flag for buyers, and challenge for manufacturers. Application of the latest genera-
tion of hydrophobic and oleophobic coatings provides longevity to devices under “real-use” circumstances, such as when exposed to liquids, including salt water. Contact: Aculon, Inc., 11839
Sorrento Valley Road, Suite 901, San Diego, CA 92121 % 858-350-9499 E-mail:
info@aculon.com Web:
www.aculon.com r
See at IPC APEX, Booth 2118 NIKON X-RAY Revolutionizing Electronics Inspection
• Open-style x-ray source with unlimited life cycle
• Advanced semi-sphere imaging range: 81° oblique viewing on any 360° rotational angle over entire tray surface
• Up to 3600x of geometric (non-digital) magnification • High-Grade Amorphous-Silicon Digital Detector with true 16-bit Analog to Digital Converter
• Largest field-of-view detector in the industry (10” x 8”)
• Advanced automated inspection of obstructed BGA’s
• 3D CT and 3D Laminography reconstruction
Intelligent Automatic Inspection of Obstructed BGAs
Page 69
www.nikonmetrology.com
sales.nm-us@nikon.com 1 (800) 552-6648
VISIT US AT APEX Booth #1743 See at IPC APEX, Booth 1743, and at ATX / MD&M West, Booth 2549
January 26 - 31, 2019
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