62 MARINE INGREDIENTS
Increase in fatty acid oxidation The final step of this in vitro study was to assess whether the incubation of adipocytes with the active increased the oxidation of fatty acids. The results show that the activation of the genetic program and of protein production is followed by an increased elimination of lipids stored in white and beige adipocytes.
Clinical results & discussion The efficacy was evaluated in an in vivo double-blind study with the following parameters: ■ 61 volunteers, men and women, between 18 and 60 years of age, all with a body mass index (BMI) of above 23 for women and above 25 for men. ■ A cream-gel with 3% of the active was compared to the same formulation without the active ingredient (placebo). ■ 21 women and 10 men applied the placebo and 20 women and 10 men applied the formulation with the active, twice a day for two months. ■ Women applied the product on their abdomen, hips and thighs in order to evaluate fat and cellulite reduction. Men applied the product on their abdomen only in order to evaluate fat reduction. ■ The volunteers did not apply any other product or treatment during the study. They were instructed not to change diet or lifestyle habits during the study. ■ The following parameters were evaluated at the start (D0), after a month of treatment (D28) and at the end of the study (D56):
Reduction in fat layer Measurements of body perimeter in centimeters A flexible tape measure was used to measure the female volunteers’ hips and thighs, along with the abdomens of both men and women. The active treatment reduced the size of all evaluated areas when compared with the placebo (Figure 6): ■ Thighs: Average reduction of 1.0 cm at D28 and of 1.4 cm at D56 of the treatment, with a maximum reduction of 5.7 cm. ■ Hips: Average reduction of 0.7 cm at D28 and of 1.3 cm at D56 of the treatment, with a maximum reduction of 5.5 cm. ■ Abdomen: ■ Women: Average reduction of 1.4 cm at D28 and of 2.2 cm at D56 of the treatment, with a maximum reduction of 5.0 cm. ■ Men: Average reduction of 1.2 cm at D28 and of 1.7 cm at D56 of the treatment, with a maximum reduction of 10.4 cm.
Standardised photos of the treated body areas Standardised photographs were taken of the volunteers’ thighs and hips (women) and abdomen (women and men) in order to observe the effect of both trial formulations on these different body areas. The loss in body volume is visible in the
photographs for both men and women, in addition to an overall improvement in the appearance of the skin (Fig 9).
PERSONAL CARE September 2021 D0 D28 D56
Figure 7: Standardised photographs of the abdominal area of a male volunteer, showing the reduction in subcutaneous fat tissue at 1 month (D28) and 2 months (D56) of treatment.
D0 D28 D56
Figure 8: Standardised photographs of the abdominal area of a female volunteer, showing the reduction in subcutaneous fat tissue after 1 month (D28) and 2 months (D56) of treatment.
D0
D28
D56
Figure 9: Standardised photographs of the thighs and hips of a female volunteer, where it is possible to see both the reduction in subcutaneous fatty tissue and the improvement in the appearance of the skin after 1 month (D28) and 2 months (D56) of treatment.
Thickness of the subcutaneous fat layer The study evaluated subcutaneous adipose tissue using ultrasonic measurements (Dermascan C ultrasound system). As shown in Figure 10, the thickness of the subcutaneous fat was significantly reduced in all areas for the treated group when compared with the placebo: ■ Thighs: 13.6% decrease at D28 and 25.5% (0.8 mm) decrease at D56. ■ Hips: 30.9% decrease at D28 and 49.9% (1.0 mm) decrease at D56. ■ Abdomen: ■ Women: 13.1% decrease at D28 and 29.3% (1.5 mm) decrease at D56. ■ Men: 52.0% decrease at D28 and 66.5% (1.4 mm) decrease at D56.
Reduction of cellulite Reduction in the length of the dermis- hypodermis junction Measurement of the dermis-hypodermis junction is one of the standard parameters used to assess the severity of cellulite, as the disorganisation of this junction is one of the factors conditioning its formation. It is evaluated by calculating the length of the line that separates the dermis from the hypodermis; the longer this line is, the more severe the cellulite. The active significantly reduced the length
of the dermis-hypodermis junction (21.7%) compared with the placebo.
Activation of thermogenesis in subcutaneous adipose tissue Given that Tisochrysis lutea extract activates the essential mechanisms that promote thermogenesis in fatty tissue, an evaluation as to whether applying it resulted in an increase in skin temperature was carried out. Skin temperature in the treated areas was evaluated at D0 and D56 using thermography images of the relevant body areas: the abdomen in men and women and the hips and thighs for women. Its effect on skin temperature is clearly
visible on the thermographic images (Figure 11), reflecting the metabolic stimulation by the ingredient. On the images from the beginning of the study, colder areas (violet) can be observed for both men and women. These cold areas indicate the presence of thermogenically inactive tissue (lipid storage). After two months of treatment, the violet areas become orangey-red, indicating a significant increase in fat-burning thermogenic activity. These results confirm that this active induces thermogenesis also in vivo.
The application of the studied Tisochrysis
lutea extract significantly increases skin temperature (Fig 11).
Conclusion During the study of this ingredient, new metabolism-stimulating properties were
www.personalcaremagazine.com
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92
