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Figure 7: PID of a CIP cleaning.
used as a component of detergents. EDTA is a substance that persists for a long time in the environment. A major concern of EDTA is that it contributes to heavy metal bioavailability and remobilization processes in the environment.8 Alternatively, the use of phosphonates
within formulations to replace EDTA has proven to be a solution. As well as for EDTA, the biodegradability of the phosphonates is poor. They are however precipitated and removed in sewage treatment plants and the remaining residues are non-toxic for aquatic organisms. Some countries also have limitations on P (Phosphorus) contents in their sewage treatment plants. These limitations are reflected in the global usage of phosphorous compounds in detergents. Within nature, chelation is also widespread,
in the context of photosynthesis in plants and oxygen transport in animals, as an example, it is seen. A synthetic chelant has the same mode of action using nitrogen atoms in combination with oxygen, functioning as complex-forming centres. Compared to the conventional complexing
agents, the very good biodegradability makes this compound an excellent alternative for use in detergents from an ecological standpoint.
Surfactants The increasing sustainability considerations of the personal care industry pushes the suppliers of detergents to use surfactants with Ecolabels and ideally with no or minimal amounts of GHS hazard statements on the labels. Certified surfactants help protect the environment through responsible sourcing and less waste and pollution throughout the complete lifecycle. The challenge in formulating cleaners that
are equivalent to the traditional formulations in terms of performance, all while the label has no GHS pictograms, the detergent is readily biodegradable and has a very good toxicological profile.
Conclusion Aspects on hygiene, cleaning and the related challenges specifically focused on the personal care industry were discussed. There
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are multiple requirements in this industry such as specific manufacturing equipment and its installation for hygiene purposes. Also, the big variety and the quick change of raw materials used can be a challenge in the cleaning process. All these challenges can be addressed to hygiene partners like detergent suppliers. Carrying out ineffective or repeated cleaning actions in the Personal Care industry is not an economic or ecologic approach. Therefore, it should be considered to identify effective ways to resolve the above- mentioned issues.
Peer Review The authors wish to thank our peer reviewers Paola Piantanida and Emily Buck for reviewing this article and for providing insightful comments and helpful suggestions.
References 1 ISO 22716 / 2007, Cosmetics- Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) - Guidelines on Good Manufacturing Practices; REVIEW 2017
2 IFS HPC Version 2 Guideline ; December 2016;
https://www.ifs-certification.com/ images/standards/ifs_hpc2/documents/IFS- HPC-v2-Guideline2.pdf
3
https://cosmeticseurope.eu/cosmetics- industry/innovation-and-future-trends- cosmetics-industry/
4 Zeitschrift Getränkeindustrie 11/2004: Der Sinner’sche Kreis: Basis einer erfolgreichen Reinigung und Desinfektion.
5 American Society for Testing and Materials E3106 “Standard Guide for Science- Based and Risk-Based Cleaning Process Development and Validation”
www.astm.org.
6 European Hygienic Engineering & Design Groupe (EHEDG); DOC 8 – Hygienic Design Principles ; Third edition, March 2018
7 European Chemicals Bureau, European Union Risk Assessment report edetic acid EDTA PL1,49, 2004
8 European Chemicals Bureau, European Union Risk Assessment report edetic acid EDTA PL1,49, 2004
PC January 2021 PERSONAL CARE
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