40 HYGIENE
Manual cleaning Manual cleaning is very easy to set up but comes with many challenges. The temperature (max 45°C) and choice of detergent (neutral pH-range) limit the performance. The cleaning is time consuming and labour intensive. Consistent cleaning is difficult to achieve due to the operator variation and difficulty of monitoring.
Summary of cleaning methods A table summarising the key advantages and disadvantages of the different hygiene processes is shown in Table 1.
Natural certification and selection of compliant detergents and disinfectants Many marketing strategies of personal care companies promote the use of ecofriendly and biologically derived ingredients in cosmetic products. Ecological considerations need to be addressed
Figure 6: Energy requirements for CIP processes.
solution for harder to clean residues is to soak the equipment with a detergent solution and use the agitator of the vessel to introduce mechanical action to the cleaning cycle. The disadvantage of this method is the increased consumption of chemistry, time and water. Therefore, recirculating the water and the cleaning solution within the object being cleaned, to keep the consumption of water, energy and chemicals down to a minimum level, is recommended.
COP Cleaning COP (Clean out of Place) cleaning is encountered for easy to clean products.
Manual cleaning
Operators use medium or high-pressure washers to clean out the production equipment by hand. The disadvantages here are the fact that the cleaning performance depends on the operator, lack of temperature and pressure on larger equipment and limited detergent possibilities to ensure worker safety.
The use of a parts washer to clean utensils
and critical parts of the equipment in a COP application is preferred over manual cleaning. The cleaning program of a parts washer is independent of theoperator and will be flexible in time, temperature, detergent concentration and water usage.
TABLE 1: OVERVIEW OF DIFFERENT CLEANING APPLICATIONS AND PROCESS PARAMETERS. Parameter
Ambient – 45°C Temperature Chemical used Concentration Time
Mechanical action
Validation
Hot water from tap might be too high in temperature
Manual detergents Consider operator safety Manually dosed
(some operators consider more detergent = better cleaning)
Often quick cleaning process but complete dismantling required High
By using sponges, brushes, mops etc but operator dependent
Hard to achieve
Manual cleaning processes should be verified at frequent intervals
PERSONAL CARE January 2021
COP / Soaking application Ambient – 95°C
Consider time needed to fill the object and heat up to required temperature
Manual and CIP detergents
Detergents dosed into system manually (consider operator safety)
Manually dosed
(some operators consider more detergent = better cleaning)
Long cleaning time
due to fill up the equipment completely and get to cleaning temperature
Low
Often only agitator can be used and additional manual cleaning needed
Hard to achieve
A lot of manual documentation required to capture cleaning times, concentrations and temperatures
when developing new detergents for the evolving industry. There are several organisations providing eco-labelling on the market (Ecocert, Cosmos, NATRUE, BDIH Certified Natural Cosmetics) and it must be understood which requirements are set by the different organisations to provide a cleaning and disinfection product that complies with the relevant regulation. Solvents are still used in the cleaning of
cosmetic products. Converting to a water- based detergent is the first step to improving the ecological footprint of the cleaning procedure. Worker safety is also improved by this replacement. Chelants and surfactants are the main
ingredients within a detergent formulation that are influencing the ecological footprint.
Chelants Traditionally, to deal with cosmetic products with high amounts of mineral components, EDTA (Tetrasodium salt of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) has been
CIP process Ambient – 95°C
No time loss as solution is stored at use temperature
CIP detergents Automatic dosing therefore safe process Automatic dosing
Concentration can be tracked by e.g. conductivity (to facilitate validation)
Quick cleaning
as only the time needed for cleaning is used (no heat up etc)
Medium- High If correct CIP tools used (can even be
controlled by pressure check at spray device) Achievable
Main cleaning parameters are documented by the CIP system automatically
www.personalcaremagazine.com
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