THE INFORMAL MARKET: DON’T OVERLOOK IT Policies banning or ignoring informal milk markets are counterproductive. Kenya is a positive example of how introducing improved technologies and standards to milk producers and traders can boost food safety and generate economic returns.
WHO IS PRODUCING KENYA’S MILK?
WHO IS SELLING KENYA’S MILK?
80% OF MILK
About 70% of milk in Kenya is sold through informal markets.
REDUCING KENYA’S SPILT MILK
By certifying the training of traders and their milk operations, the Kenyan government reduced milk loss stemming from:
1. adverse police actions,
2. milk becoming wasted and spoiled, and 3. direct confiscation of milk and containers,
contributing to US$26 million in annual economic gains.
MILLION US
GAINS
Source: S. Kaitibie, A. Omore, K. Rich, B. Salasya, N. Hooten, D. Mwero, and P. Kristjanson, “Policy Change in Dairy Marketing in Kenya: Economic Impact and Pathways to Influence from Research,” in CGIAR Science Council, Impact Assessment of Policy-Oriented Research in the CGIAR: Evidence and Insights from Case Studies, a study commissioned by the Science Council Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (Rome, CGIAR Science Council Secretariat, 2008).
$26 INECONOMIC
Around 700,000 small farms each owning 1–10 cows produce 80% of the country’s milk, 3–5 BILLION LITERS PER YEAR.
= 10 million liters
in the intensive animal industries of Europe and the western United States. More recently there appears to be a shiſt toward developing countries in South- east Asia and South America, possibly tracking the rapid intensification in these regions.24
46 REDUCING AND MANAGING FOOD SCARES
Once again, emerging antimicrobial resistance
threatens to leave humanity highly vulnerable to infectious diseases, which before the modern era were responsible for the majority of human deaths. Antibiotics are widely used in livestock and fish production, both to promote growth and to treat
24,000
SMALL-SCALE VENDORS
4,000
MEDIUM-SCALE VENDORS
7
WELCOME TO THE INFORMAL MARKET
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