Statistics of Public Expenditure for Economic Development (SPEED)
Te Statistics of Public Expenditure for Economic Develop- ment (SPEED) database is a resource of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) that contains information on agricultural and other sectoral public expenditures in 112 developing countries and 34 developed countries from 1980 to 2012 (see Table 2). IFPRI research- ers have compiled data from multiple sources, including the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, United Nations, and national governments, and conducted extensive data checks and adjustments to ensure consistent spending mea- surements over time that are free of exchange-rate fluctua- tions and currency denomination changes. Differences from the data in the 2013 Global Food
Policy Report may arise from revisions of the public expenditure series as well as from other variables such as population, deflator, exchange rate, and total and agricul- tural gross domestic product (GDP). Additionally, this year we switched to the United Nations Statistical data- base to obtain more complete time-series of the GDP deflator. At the same time, the World Bank has revised the series on purchasing power parity conversion factor, which has led to substantial changes in the figures for a few countries (for example, Ghana). Global per capita agricultural spending rose at a rate of
0.33 percent per year between 1980 and 2012. Public spend- ing in agriculture declined considerably between 1980 and 2000, and much of the observed growth took place in the last 12 years (2000–2012). Agriculture on average accounted for about 2–3 percent of total government expenditure globally. However, developing and developed regions have exhib- ited different trends. For developed countries, despite their
large volume of investments, agriculture represents only a marginal portion of the economy. Per capita expenditure declined continuously in 1980–2012, and averaged around $102 per person in the 2000s. In the past decade, the share of agriculture in the total government budget also dropped to about 1 percent, but the ratio of agricultural expenditure to agricultural GDP remained high at above 20 percent. In developing countries, on the other hand, although agricul- ture accounts for a larger share of total expenditures, per capita spending was considerably lower and was only a fraction of the level in developed countries. Additionally, the level of per capita public expenditure in agriculture by developing countries dropped consistently until the early 1990s yet experienced an impressive recovery aſterward, particularly since 2000. As a result, the ratio of agricultural expenditure to agricultural GDP also increased in recent years given the renewed atention that has been paid to the agricultural sector. Policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders can
use this robust database for many purposes. Te data allow users to examine both historical trends and the allocation of government resources across sectors as well as to make com- parisons with other countries within a region or at a similar level of development. Because it covers many countries for a long time period, the SPEED dataset provides many analyt- ical possibilities. Analysts can not only examine the policy priorities of national governments as expressed in the allo- cation of public expenditures but also extend the analysis of government spending to include the tracking of develop- ment goals and the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of public spending both within and across regions.
Download data:
http://hdl.handle.net/1902.1/19525 Contact: Samuel Benin (
s.benin@
cgiar.org) and Yifei Liu (
yifei.liu@
cgiar.org)
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