ANTI-AGEING 65
which plays a key role in signalling pathway leading to inflammation cascade and this activation stimulates expression of pro- inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), interleukin- 1alpha (IL-1a) and a stress response gene cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). In addition, activation of NF-kB up-regulates the expression of matrix metalloprotease-1 (MMP-1) and consequently collagen in the dermis is degraded. In this study, the effects of a NF-kB-
derived inhibitor tripeptide on the UVB- induced photoageing and inflammation were investigated in vitro and in vivo. A NF- kB-derived inhibitor tripeptide (NF-kB-DVH) was synthesised based on the sequence of dimerization region of the subunit p65 of NF-kB. Its inhibitory activity was confirmed using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and in situ proximate ligation assay. The effects of anti-photoageing and anti- inflammation were analysed by Enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoblotting and immunochemistry. NF- kB-DVH significantly decreased UV-induced expression of TNF-a, IL-1a, MMP-1 and COX-2 while it increased production of type I procollagen. Results showed NF-kB-DVH had strong anti-inflammatory activity probably by inhibiting NF-kB activation pathway and suggested to be used as a novel agent for anti-photoageing.
Palmitoyl sh-Tripeptide-3 Amide As an epidermal growth factor (EGF) tripeptide, Synepin (Palmitoyl sh- Tripeptide-3 Amide) recognises and binds to a specific site of EGF receptor that lies on the outer layer of the skin. Once this happens, the skin cells’ EGF receptors deliver a message to increase the production of cells in a specific area. Palmitoyl sh-Tripeptide-3 Amide boosts
cellular turnover by facilitating the growth of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Palmitoyl sh-Tripeptide-3 Amide works by attracting cells to a wound site to initiate repair process, which is an essential part of skin regeneration.
Figure 3: The mechanism of Enfibin to block inflammatory cytokine.
Palmitoyl sh-Tripeptide-1 Amide As a fibroblast growth factor (FGF) agonist tripeptide, Syndermin (Palmitoyl sh- Tripeptide-1 Amide) can penetrate the dermis, interact with FGF receptors and boost the cellular turnover inducing the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, thereby enhancing the synthesis of collagen and elastin.
Conclusion Conclusively, Antiagin I & II, 2 or 4 anti- inflammatory and skin regeneration tripeptide complexes are scientifically
proved, topically applicable very promising new cosmetic and cosmeceutical ingredients.
kappa B-derived inhibitor tripeptide inhibits UVB-induced photoaging process, Journal of Dermatological Science 2014;76: 196-205.
2 Yoo YH, Kim YR, Kim MS, et al. YAC tripeptide of epidermal growth factor promotes the proliferation of HaCaT Keratinocytes through activation of EGFR, BMB report 2014;47(10) :581-586
PC
References 1 Oh JE, Kim MS, Jeon WK, et al. A nuclear factor
Figure 4: ERK1/2, Extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 and Akt, protein kinase B which play key roles in multiple cellular processes are dose-dependently activated by Synepin.
August 2020
Figure 5: Synepin upregulates collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid synthesis.
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