32 ANTI-AGING
Skin Hydration Using Corneometer
Measurement Schedule
T (1hr) T (2hr) T (4hr) T (8hr) T (24hr) T (48hr)
Skin Hydration - Regression Using Corneometer
Skin Hydration - Regression Using Corneometer
Treatment Schedule
Moisturizing Soap: 2X/Day
Volar Forearm Wash with Non-
T(-2)
Moisturizing Soap: 2X/Day
Volar Forearm Wash with Non-
T(-1)
Final Volar Forearm Wash with Non-
Moisturizing Soap: Morning
T(0)
1x Product Application Figure 12: Schematic outline of extended skin hydration protocol. Many of these threats are directed to the
skin cells’ mitochondrial functions and cause an increased expression of free radicals. These errant and damaging molecules cause the circulating NLR proteins to assemble into a unique, flower- like structure, called an Inflammasome Complex, that contains ASC elements that attract inert Pro-Caspase-1 (Fig 15).13
Upon
binding to the ASC portion of the NLRP Inflammasome Complex, the Pro-Caspase-1 is cleaved and active Caspase-1 is released. In 2017, O’Brien et al., reported on a bioluminescence-based assay that allows for direct detection of active Caspase-1 released via the activated NLRP Inflammasome Complex.14
We employed
this new assay to examine the effects of various potential activators to cause increased expression of active Caspase-1 in skin cells. Our work with UVB radiation confirmed Faustin’s earlier work, demonstrating in this testing model, that UVB radiation is a potent activator of the NLRP inflammasomes as measured by active Caspase-1 release.3 The term “inflammaging” has been
n StrataPhixTM
350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
p≤0.001 p≤0.28
p≤0.009 p≤0.0009 p≤0.008
p≤0.0009 p≤0.006
p≤0.0003 p≤0.02
coined to describe the effects of errant or chronic inflammation in the body’s aging processes.14-16
Essentially, it is suggested
that while it is essential for the body to respond to exogenous threats with inflammation, continuous or repeated upregulation of the inflammation response leads to accelerated aging, including aging of the skin. In the work reported by Mejias et al., they were able to examine fibroblasts isolated from the same individual at ages 49, 52 and 64 years.11
The studies
demonstrated that: 1) aging cells accumulate markers of inflammasome activation including ACS protein and active Caspase-1 and 2) reduction of these markers via treatments with a known Caspase-1 inhibitor, Ac-YVAD-CMK, after oxidative stress demonstrated that “inhibition of the inflammasome in the aging process has the potential to treat the cellular damage associated with oxidative stress”.This study directly links the aging process with inflammasome activation in human fibroblasts. Inflammasome activation is intimately associated as well with the cellular protein recycling mechanisms
POLY (3%) n Placebo nWashed Control
2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0
T1 (1 hr) T2 (2 hr) T3 (4 hr) T4 (8 hr) T5 (24 hr) T6 (48 hr)
Figure 13: Results of extended skin hydration study on n=10 volunteers applying formulations to the inner volar forearm. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (p≤0.05).
PERSONAL CARE NORTH AMERICA
p=0.004 p=0.5
known as autophagy.17 As skin cells age,
they begin to produce more abnormal proteins due to excessive mitochondrial release of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). As the cells make more damaged proteins, this leads to activation of the NLRP Inflammasome inflammation processes which leads, ultimately, to more inflammaging. Of even more interest is the work by Furman et al., who noted that expression of inflammasomes can stratify individuals into groupings based on their aging phenotypes.18
This study links the cellular
activity of inflammasomes to people’s actual physical appearance and health. In the studies described here, it has
been found that UV energy and ATP were very effective at activating NHEKs to express NLRP-activated Caspase-1 release as measured using a newly developed bioluminescent assay. Further studies have demonstrated three powerful blends, collectively called StrataPhix Technology Series, each has the ability, in vitro, to modulate the expression of active Caspase- 1 in inflammasome-activated NHEKs. Further examination of one important blend
n StrataPhixTM p=0.000004 p=0.0002 POLY (3%) n Placebo nWashed Control p=0.000005 p=0.0002
p=0.003 p=0.003
p=0.03 p=0.4
p=0.0002 p=0.2
T1 (1 hr)
T2 (2 hr)
T3 (4 hr)
T4 (8 hr)
T5 (24 hr)
T6 (48 hr)
Figure 14: Skin hydration data comparing a commercial moisturiser that contains glycerin and sodium hyaluronate versus the same formulation containing 3% StrataPhix™ POLY on n=6 volunteers. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (p≤0.05).
May 2020
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92 |
Page 93 |
Page 94 |
Page 95 |
Page 96
