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Figure 2.2.2: Annual freshwater withdrawal in the region as percentage of total renewable water.
Note: The value range for Mexico (not included in the map) is greater than 3 per cent. Source: FAO 2015a
2.2.2 Pressures
As mentioned in Chapter 1, there is an increasing demand for water for agriculture, industry, energy generation and domestic use. These demands, coupled with climate change and increasing pollution, collectively produce significant changes to the hydrological cycle and water
resource systems. These pressures and changes also result in increased competition for water among the various users.
The sub-regional situation with regards to freshwater demand is quite heterogeneous as Figure 2.2.2 shows. The same heterogeneity is found with regards to other freshwater indicators in the region.