Information Transmitted under Chemicals and Waste Conventions (SDG 12.4.1)


Change in a negative direction


Number of parties to international multilateral environmental agreements on hazardous waste, and other chemicals that meet their commitments and obligations in transmitting information as required by each relevant agreement.


Change in a negative direction


10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90


0 Europe


Regional Compliance Rate in 2015 Northern America


Latin America and the Caribbean Asia and the Pacific


Western Asia and Northern Africa Sub-Saharan Africa


Source: UNEP 2015 Tier I; Custodian agency: United Nations Environment Programme


Between approximately 60 and 80 per cent of the Parties to the Basel, Rotterdam, and Stockholm conventions and to the Montreal Protocol appear to have at least minimum institutional capacity to implement these MEAs. This indicator is based on the rate of transmission information for the five main MEAs in the chemicals and waste cluster. There are nuances between the rate of transmission of information under the different MEAs; for example, under the Montreal Protocol, the rate of transmission of information is much higher than under the Basel, Rotterdam, and Stockholm conventions. Among the key challenges linked to the transmission of information under the Basel and Stockholm conventions are the lack of availability of data and information, inadequate legal and institutional frameworks, lack of capacity, lack of understanding of the usefulness of the information reported, lack of consequences in case of non-transmission of information, and low political priority of the issues at hand. Under the Montreal Protocol, challenges are significantly mitigated. For instance, because there are consequences in case of non-reporting, Parties are required to establish licensing systems, and developing countries get financial support for institutional strengthening.


76


Source: MPCA Photos, 2014 (Flickr) Tier III; Custodian agency: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and United Nations Statistics Division


Hazardous waste generation and the threat that hazardous waste poses to human health have grown over the past decades in most regions of the world. Economic development and evolving technologies have led to a diversification in the types and number of chemicals and substances used in industry, many of which ultimately become hazardous waste at the end of their lifecycle. The proportion of hazardous waste that is treated according to environmentally sound standards varies widely by region, as emerging economies struggle to keep up with the financial and technical demands of their increased hazardous waste production. However, there is still a lack of information on hazardous waste treatment and information is not standardised across countries. Under the Basel Convention, Parties agreed to a broad definition of the environmentally sound management of hazardous wastes and other wastes. However, Parties still face challenges with its implementation and reporting. Most hazardous waste is of industrial origin – for household hazardous waste, while non-negligible, there is limited information available.


Hazardous waste generation (SDG 12.4.2) No data available


Hazardous waste generated per capita and proportion of hazardous waste treated, by type of treatment.


Measuring Progress Report 2019


percentage average value


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