Safe drinking water (SDG 6.1.1) Change in a positive direction


Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services.


Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services (% of population)


Wastewater treatment (SDG 6.3.1) No data available


Proportion of wastewater safely treated. Domestic waste water treatment by type in 2010


7% 20% 2%


2015 100.00


18% 6.44 Sewers - safe Not collected - unsafe


Source: WHO and UNICEF – Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP), 2017 Tier II; Custodian agency: World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)


While many countries have widespread access to safe drinking water, there are still many parts of the world, that lack safe drinking water. A safely managed drinking water service is defined as the provision of drinking water from an improved source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination. Estimates for safely managed drinking water are currently only available for a subset of 96 countries and four SDGs regions. These vary widely from 94 percent in the Europe and Northern America region to 24 percent in the Sub-Saharan Africa region. There are still significant gaps in country-level systems for data collection, and further work is required to harmonise methods and standards. Most countries have data on whether services are accessible on premises, but relatively few have data on availability and quality of drinking water, particularly in rural areas and for populations using non-piped networks and private supplies. It is estimated that more than 150 million people worldwide, most of them in Sub-Saharan Africa, still use surface waters as their primary drinking water source, which are often the direct recipients of wastewater flows. There must be a concerted effort to strengthen national systems for monitoring safely managed drinking water services as technical innovations are reducing the cost of data collection.


52


Sewers - unsafe Sewers - unsafe


Septic tanks - unsafe


Source: UN Water, World Health Organization (WHO) and UN-Habitat 2010 Tier II; Custodian agency: World Health Organization (WHO) and UN-Habitat


Only 59 per cent of domestic wastewater flow is collected and safely treated. The untreated 41 per cent poses risks to the environment and public health (World Health Organization [WHO] and United Nations Human Settlements Programme [UN-Habitat] 2018). The collection of wastewater includes 71 per cent collected in sewers, 9 per cent collected in on-site facilities, and 20 percent not collected. With regards to wastewater treatment, most (75 per cent) of the domestic wastewater flow collected in sewers is safely treated; however, only 18 per cent of domestic wastewater flow collected in septic tanks is safely treated. These estimates of domestic wastewater are based on 79 mostly high- and middle-income countries and exclude much of Asia and Africa. With regards to industrial wastewater, there is insufficient data available to estimate treatment of this stream that flows into sewers and directly into the environment. Data on industrial discharges is poorly monitored and seldom aggregated at the national level. One way to lessen the burden of reporting and help countries monitor the progress towards their commitment is to embed the agreed indicators in the national reporting for MEAs. Wastewater treatment recycle and reuse with current and appropriate technologies could ensure water security and support SDG 6.4 on water scarcity. Domestic and urban wastewater may be treated and be used in industrial applications.


Measuring Progress Report 2019 53%


Septic tanks - safe


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