Access to public transport (SDG 11.2.1) No data available


Proportion of population that has convenient access to public transport, by sex, age and persons with disabilities.


Land consumption (SDG 11.3.1) No data available


Ratio of land consumption rate to population growth rate. Ratio of rate of urban extent growth rate to population growth rate by region


Western Asia and Northern Africa Central and Southern Asia South-eastern Asia East Asia and the Oceania


Latin America and the Caribbean Sub-Saharan Africa


Land-Rich Developed Countries Europe and Japan


Developed Regions Developing Regions


World 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 1990-2000


Source: MunichTramSpotter, 2017 (Flickr) Tier II; Custodian agency: United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)


Access to public transportation has a direct impact on environment and people. Providing convenient access to public transport - including access to inland waterways transportation in some countries - helps to reduce transport emissions and reduce deaths related to outdoor air pollution. Public transportation also reduces the deaths related to road traffic accidents as well as heavy traffic jams in cities. The increased usage of public transportation by the population has a positive impact on the economy. Additionally, insufficient mobility is linked with social exclusion, poverty, and lack of econoimc opportunities (Schwanen et al. 2015)lxxxi


. There is currently a lack of data and information on the access to public transportation at the global level. 0.8 1 2000-2014


Source: UNEP 2014 Tier II; Custodian agency: United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)


Recent data on this indicator depicts a sprawling world in which cities and other urban settlements are rapidly expanding and significantly changing the natural and urban environments. Empirical studies of global settlement patterns consistently point towards declining urban densities, which are characteristic of more growth in low density suburbs outside urban cores (UN-Habitat 2018b). For example, based on time series data collected in 200 representative cities over the periods 1990-2000 and 2000-2014, the average global rate of physical expansion of cities was about 1.2 times their rate of population growth (Angel et al. 2016). This trend was consistent in all regions other than the Latin America and Caribbean region, whose rate of population growth was faster than that of urban expansion for the 1990–2000 period. As expected, the rates of change in urban land consumption vary significantly across regions, with faster growth recorded in the developing regions. The key outcomes of the recorded fast rates of urban sprawl include, among others, inefficient land use, which negatively impacts the environment, increased costs of providing basic services to populations, increased demand for and use of energy, challenges associated with waste management, and growth in the number of unplanned settlements, some of which are located in environmentally sensitive areas.


Sustainable Development Goal 67 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8


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