Land tenure (SDG 1.4.2) No data available


Proportion of total adult population with secure tenure rights to land, with legally recognised documentation, and who perceive their rights to land as secure, by sex and by type of tenure.


Percent of indigenous and community lands - not formally recognised


Disasters: persons affected (SDG 1.5.1) Change in a positive direction


Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population.


People affected by natural disaster


10 12


0 2 4 6 8


Source: The Land Portal Foundation (Land Portal 2017) Tier II; Custodian agency: UN-Habitat & World Bank


Secure land tenure for vulnerable populations forms a foundation for food security, promoting sustainable land use, and reducing environmental migration. Land tenure regulates how people access land, forests, fisheries, and other natural resources, including who can use what resources for what purposes (Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO] 2012). Ensuring that women, indigenous peoples, and other vulnerable populations have secure land tenure determines whether these populations have access to and control over food and income, especially during food shortage, to which climate change and environment degradation are key factors. Despite women’s lack of land ownership, their role in ensuring food security should not be overlooked, as they are often the ones who work on the farms, especially in Sub-Saharan African countries. Currently there is very little data on either the population with legally recognised documentation over land or the population that perceives their land rights as secure (Kumar, Quan and Mboup 2017). The percentage of indigenous and community lands which are not formally recognised provides some insight into security of land tenure. In much of Africa, indigenous and community land which are not formally recognised is more than 50 per cent of the total land area which reveals the vulnerability of many indigenous people.


38


Source: UNSD 2019 Tier II; Custodian agency: United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)


The risk of catastrophic damage from natural disasters, whether climate-related or geological (earthquakes, volcanoes, etc.), is a function of the vulnerability of a population combined with its exposure to hazard. Vulnerability to disasters can be reduced through ecosystem-based approaches to Disaster Risk Reduction and ecosystem-based adaptation, such as reforesting denuded slopes to reduce the risk of avalanches and landslides; through helping communities understand and prepare for potential environmental hazards in their region; or though many other measures. At a global scale, hazards are generally on a trend of being less devastating in terms of disaster-related mortality despite the growth in population size; however, there are still many challenges in terms of coping with disasters. More robust building standards, effective public awareness, and better preparedness on the part of the authorities have all contributed to the reduction in the death rates from natural disasters. An excellent example is Bangladesh, which in the past half century has experienced three category 6 cyclones. In 1970, the cyclone killed over 500,000 people whereas a similarly powerful cyclone in 1991 killed 140,000 people, and in 2007, the death toll from Cyclone Sidr, another 6-severe storm, was measured in the thousands (Haque et al. 2012).


Measuring Progress Report 2019


2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017


Percentage of People Affected (% World Population)


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