Urban solid waste management (SDG 11.6.1) Too little data


Proportion of urban solid waste regularly collected and with adequate final discharge out of total urban solid waste generated, by cities.


Municipal solid waste collection coverage, by cities 100


10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90


0 2017


Australia and New Zealand Sub-Saharan Africa Central and Southern Asia Latin America and the Caribbean


Europe and Northern America Northern Africa and Western Asia Eastern and South-Eastern Asia


Source: UNSD 2017 Tier II; Custodian agency: United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)


With rising populations and rapid urbanisation trends, the production of urban solid waste has continued to increase in recent years, with waste management services needing upgrading and investment. Disposal of urban solid waste is a major problem despite the fact that many technologies and effective management are available. Composting, recycling, and biomass gasification together provide enough technology for the disposal of urban solid wastes. High- income regions such as Europe and North America have reached municipal waste collection coverage levels of around 90 per cent, middle- and lower-middle income regions such as Latin America and Asia have reached between 65 and 80 per cent of their cities, while Sub-Saharan Africa faces the greatest challenges and remains below 50 per cent coverage levels for municipal solid waste collection. In terms of measuring SDG indicator 11.6.1 as it is defined, there are some difficultities in defining “urban” as well as “adequate final discharge”. With regard to data availability, data for municipal solid waste regularly collected is available for many, if not most, major cities worldwide as the increased prevalence of private sector subcontractors and their use of weighbridges to keep track of quantities of waste collected facilitates data gathering.


70


Ambient air pollution (SDG 11.6.2) Too little data


Annual mean levels of fine particulate matter (e.g. PM2.5


weighted). Annual mean levels of fine particulate matter in cities, urban population


and PM10


10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00


0.00 2016 Oceania


Australia and New Zealand Northern America Central Asia


Europe and Northern America Eastern and South-Eastern Asia Southern Asia


Central and Southern Asia


Eastern Asia Western Asia


Oceania (exc. Australia and New Zealand) South-Eastern Asia Northern Africa Europe


Sub-Saharan Africa Northern Africa and Western Asia


Source: UNSD 2016 Tier I; Custodian agency: World Health Organization (WHO)


Particulate matter (PM), including extremely small dust and soot particles, is a leading risk factor of health, mainly for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The WHO Air Quality Guidelines recommends an annual mean concentration of 10 ug/m3


diameter (PM2.5 annual mean levels of PM2.5 was estimated to be 40 ug/m3 ) and Northern African (55 ug/m3


for fine particulate matter smaller or equal to 2.5 micrometers (um) in ) (WHO 2006). In 2016, the world average population-weighted , based on modelled


data. Globally, 91 per cent of the population is living in places where particulate matter levels are above the WHO Air Quality Guidelines value. Southern Asian (64 ug/m3


) countries experience the highest levels of PM2.5 . There has been little progress in addressing high PM levels in many


countries and large urban areas in Asia and Africa. Many countries lack national standards for PM and do not monitor PM levels.


) in cities (population


Measuring Progress Report 2019


Percent


Micrograms per cubic meter (mgr/m^3)


Page 1  |  Page 2  |  Page 3  |  Page 4  |  Page 5  |  Page 6  |  Page 7  |  Page 8  |  Page 9  |  Page 10  |  Page 11  |  Page 12  |  Page 13  |  Page 14  |  Page 15  |  Page 16  |  Page 17  |  Page 18  |  Page 19  |  Page 20  |  Page 21  |  Page 22  |  Page 23  |  Page 24  |  Page 25  |  Page 26  |  Page 27  |  Page 28  |  Page 29  |  Page 30  |  Page 31  |  Page 32  |  Page 33  |  Page 34  |  Page 35  |  Page 36  |  Page 37  |  Page 38  |  Page 39  |  Page 40  |  Page 41  |  Page 42  |  Page 43  |  Page 44  |  Page 45  |  Page 46  |  Page 47  |  Page 48  |  Page 49  |  Page 50  |  Page 51  |  Page 52  |  Page 53  |  Page 54  |  Page 55  |  Page 56  |  Page 57  |  Page 58  |  Page 59  |  Page 60  |  Page 61  |  Page 62  |  Page 63  |  Page 64  |  Page 65  |  Page 66  |  Page 67  |  Page 68  |  Page 69  |  Page 70  |  Page 71  |  Page 72  |  Page 73  |  Page 74  |  Page 75  |  Page 76  |  Page 77  |  Page 78  |  Page 79  |  Page 80  |  Page 81  |  Page 82  |  Page 83  |  Page 84  |  Page 85  |  Page 86  |  Page 87  |  Page 88  |  Page 89  |  Page 90  |  Page 91  |  Page 92  |  Page 93  |  Page 94  |  Page 95  |  Page 96  |  Page 97  |  Page 98  |  Page 99  |  Page 100  |  Page 101  |  Page 102  |  Page 103  |  Page 104  |  Page 105  |  Page 106  |  Page 107  |  Page 108  |  Page 109  |  Page 110  |  Page 111  |  Page 112  |  Page 113  |  Page 114  |  Page 115  |  Page 116  |  Page 117  |  Page 118  |  Page 119  |  Page 120  |  Page 121  |  Page 122  |  Page 123  |  Page 124  |  Page 125  |  Page 126  |  Page 127  |  Page 128  |  Page 129  |  Page 130  |  Page 131  |  Page 132  |  Page 133  |  Page 134  |  Page 135  |  Page 136