The Sahel region has become the focus of many international aid and environmental agencies. These agencies are involved in education programmes for farmers and environmental rehabilitation projects. Initiatives include:
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Zai pits: At the start of the rainy season, seeds are planted into holes filled with compost and manure (Fig. 26.8). The concentration of nutrients and water around the seeds leads to increased output and better food security.
EXAM LINK (OL)
Overpopulation (30 marks)
(i) Explain briefly what is meant by the term overpopulation.
(i) Describe and explain the causes and effects of overpopulation with reference to example(s) that you have studied.
2016, Q12B Marking Scheme:
Fig. 26.8 Zai pits in the Sahel.
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The Great Green Wall: This is a project involving 11 countries in the sub- Saharan Africa region. Trees and plants will be grown along an 8,000 km stretch. The aims of the project include: food production, a response to climate change and a reduction in outmigration.
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Solar ovens: By reducing the demand for firewood, simple low-cost solar ovens reduce the rate of deforestation (Fig. 26.9).
(i) Explanation = 2 SRPs × 3 marks
(ii) One cause stated = 3 marks
One effect stated = 3 marks
One example stated = 3 marks
Description/explanation = 5 SRPs × 3 marks
EXAM LINK (HL)
Overpopulation (30 marks)
Describe and explain the causes and effects of overpopulation, with reference to examples that you have studied.
2015, Q10C Fig. 26.9 Solar ovens. CHECK YOUR LEARNING
1. Name any four countries located in the Sahel. 2. Describe the climate of the region. 3. List three causes of overpopulation. 4. Name three impacts of overpopulation. 5. Identify three solutions to the problem.
