25 Population Changes Over Time and Space Expansive
Expansive population pyramids are associated with developing nations with high fertility rates. The wide base indicates high birth rates. Progressing upwards, each group decreases in size indicating lower than average life expectancies (e.g. Afghanistan; Fig. 25.13(a)).
3 2.4 1.8 1.2 Population (in millions) 0.6 0 0 0.6 Age group 1.2 Female
1.8
2.4
3 Population (in millions)
Morocco 2016 Stationary
Stationary population pyramids show a stable population with almost equal proportions in each group to the mid- age groups (e.g. Morocco; Fig. 25.13(b)).
2 1.6 1.2 0.8 Population (in millions) 0.4 0 0 0.4 Age group 0.8 Female
1.2
1.6
2 Population (in millions)
Italy 2016 Constrictive
Constrictive population pyramids have narrow bases indicating falling birth rates. They are associated with countries with higher levels of economic growth and well-developed health and social services (e.g. Italy; Fig. 25.13(c)).
