Burns & Scalds
10.3 Types & Causes of Burns Dry Burn – Friction, Flames, and Hot surfaces. Scalds – Steam and Hot liquids.
Chemical Burns – Domestic chemicals (bleach, oven cleaner etc.) and Industrial chemicals (gases, acids, alkaline).
Special note: Chemical burns are always serious and will need medical assistance. Treat chemical burns with caution as you do not want to disperse the chemical when flushing with water. Cool the affected area for a minimum of 20 minutes rather than the usual 10 minutes. Remove any contaminated clothing whilst cooling with water.
Electrical Burns – Domestic appliances (low voltage), Overhead Power lines (high voltage) and Lightning.
Special note: Be aware that electrical burns may have two burns, an entry and exit point and that the electricity may have caused internal damage as the electricity passed through the body. Electric shocks may also cause the casualty to go into cardiac arrest. Be prepared to resuscitate.
Radiation Burns – Sunburn, Sun beds (ultraviolet light), X-rays. Cold Injury – Frozen metal objects, Frostbite, Freezing vapours.
“Do not burst blisters as they help to protect against infection”
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