Formation of a V-shaped valley (9.6) ...................................................................................................... 141 Interlocking spurs (9.7) ................................................................................................................................... 141 Erosion at a waterfall (9.9) ............................................................................................................................142 Formation of meanders (9.12) ....................................................................................................................143 Formation of levees (9.20) ............................................................................................................................145 Constructive/Destructive Waves (10.2/10.3) .........................................................................................159 Formation of a bay (10.6) ..............................................................................................................................160 Formation of sea cliffs (10.7) ........................................................................................................................ 161 Landforms of erosion found at a headland (10.9) .............................................................................162 How longshore drift works (10.12) ...........................................................................................................164 Features of a beach viewed from the beach (10.14) ........................................................................165 Landforms of coastal deposition (10.17) ................................................................................................166 Plastic bags and pollution (Video Lesson) ............................................................................................169 Plucking and abrasion (11.3) ........................................................................................................................ 179 How solar radiation heats the atmosphere (13.3) .............................................................................227 The Earth’s axis on its orbit around the sun (13.5) ........................................................................... 228 How convectional rainfall occurs (13.22) ..............................................................................................238 How cyclonic rainfall occurs (13.23) ........................................................................................................238 How relief rainfall occurs (13.24) ...............................................................................................................238 Hardpan (16.5) ..................................................................................................................................................287 Bord na Mona (Video Lesson) ...................................................................................................................299