O) passes through the atmosphere and mixes with carbon dioxide (CO2 ). It then
forms a weak carbonic acid. This falls as rain and sometimes falls onto exposed limestone. This carbonic acid then dissolves the limestone because limestone is permeable and soluble and contains 80 per cent calcium carbonate. It passes through vertical joints in the rock, forming grikes and clints which create a limestone pavement. It continues on through the bedding planes and joints further down to create caves, caverns, stalactites and stalagmites.
1. The broken-down rock found on this upland area, Croagh Patrick, has resulted from:
Solution Carbonation
Mechanical weathering
[tick (3) the correct box]
2. The photograph shows the effects of weathering on a public monument.
This is the result of: Physical weathering Biological weathering Sunny weather
Chemical weathering [tick (3) the correct box]
3. How has the large rock shown in this photograph been cracked?
Mechanical weathering
Deposition
Chemical weathering Plants and animals
[tick (3) the correct box]
4. The diagram shows underground features in a karst region. Name the three limestone features labelled A, B and C on the diagram.
