4. We haven’t discovered much yet, but we’re expecting a breakthrough soon. 5. I’m sure Tom and Susan will do everything as usual. I won’t get a look-in.


a. a development b. a big change c. an opportunity to participate d. permission to proceed e. an organization


Listening A


053 Listen to a talk about the Romans and how they liked to enjoy their free time. Complete the summary below using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.


Pleasure was very important to the Romans and they had various ways of enjoying their (1) ____________. The Romans loved the theatre and there were many (2) ____________ when plays could be staged. Spectators knew if the (3) ____________ were good or bad from the masks they wore. People also went to huge amphitheatres to be entertained by violent games. Gladiators fought, and often met their


death, in combat with one another or with large (4) ____________.


Chariot racing was also popular and the riders, like the gladiators, became well-known (5) ____________ just like sportsmen nowadays. (6) ____________ was popular and the Romans took animals like deer to various parts of their empire. The Romans would spend all day at bathhouses, exercising and


swimming. Some people used the baths to do (7) __________.


B Check the answers and then look at the tapescript on page 208. Notice how the language used around the words you need to write paraphrases the language used in the talk.


Reading


A Put the topic sentences 1–5 into the correct place at the beginning of each paragraph. 1. So where does all the free time go? 2. When people claim that they do not have enough time, it usually demonstrates more about how they spend their time, rather than the actual quantity of it.


3. Recent research conducted in the United States examines use of time. 4. The key to people feeling that they have time is ensuring that enough time is spent doing what is important.


5. Advertising could be partly to blame for the misconception.


A ___ According to the findings, the common perception that people do not have enough time is simply not true. Statistics from a study using time-diaries show that work time and leisure time is pretty much evenly split. The average American works around 35 hours per week and enjoys the same number of hours of free time.


B ____ These days, a vast array of companies are in the business of making people feel that they have too little time. Products from convenience food to self-help books depend on consumers believing they are too busy.


164 Pathway to IELTS 6.0


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