A


Infantile, or childhood amnesia is characterized by the relative absence of memory before four years of age. It is not the complete absence of memories, but the relative lack of memories from infancy. This lack cannot be accounted for by the normal tendency to forget a percentage of what is experienced.


1. Small children only remember the most significant events.


2. Most children remember very little from the first four years of their lives. 3. Small children forget early experiences like adults forget unimportant events. ___


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B


The incomplete development of language in young children may be a cause of childhood amnesia in that infants do not have the language capacity to encode and interpret memories in the same way that adults do. The typical schedule of language development seems to support this theory. Babies of one year old tend to be limited to one word utterances, and childhood amnesia predicts that adults have very few, if any, memories of this time.


1. Children and adults generally retain memories in a similar way. 2. Small children that learn to talk earlier are more likely to retain memories.


3. It is suggested that small children cannot remember events because they cannot apply words to them.


Writing


A Below is a version of the first half of the model composition from the Course Book unit with various errors. Work in pairs. One of you is A and the other is B. Student A: Find five incorrect prepositions. Student B: Find five words that are spelt incorrectly.


Computers are everywhere nowdays. Everyone uses a computer at work and children are using them increasingly at school. Computers are used in shops and hospitals and to drive trains. Nearly every famly has a computer in home and perhaps a laptop too. So, do we rely for computers too much and is that having a negitive effect in how we live? Many people think the answer is ‘yes’.


At the workplace, computers do everything quickly and effisiently. It is difficult to imagine going back to pen and paper. Emailing is more convenient than making phone calls. In schools, children can learn with interesting interactive programmes about the world and its history. However, all this could mean that people comunicate less. In offices, people stare to a screen instead of talking to each other and, at school, children work less in groups to solve problems.


B Work together to correct the errors you have identified. Then check the model again in the Course Book on page 62.


C Look at the second part of the composition on the next page and work in the same way.


Student A: Find six grammatical errors. Student B: Find five words (not grammar words) that are used incorrectly.


Pathway to IELTS 6.0 161


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