SKIN MICROBIOME 39
Rebalancing microbiota ratios fights blemishes and dandruff
Laury Blambert, Gabrielle Moro - Codif Technologie Naturelle, France
The skin is the largest organ of the human body and is the major interface with the outside environment. It also hosts, on its surface and in the superficial layers of the epidermis, a huge diversity of microorganisms that constitute a complex ecosystem. It is estimated that the skin of an adult hosts on average 1000 billion bacteria and 1000 species of fungi, viruses and arthropods that make up the cutaneous microbiota. This incredible diversity is also found at inter and intra-personal levels. Indeed, the composition of the cutaneous microbiota is the result of a balance between local conditions and the metabolic properties of these microorganisms. Thus, the skin microbiota varies quantitatively and qualitatively from one individual to another, but also according to age, body site, sex, immune system and certain physicochemical factors such as humidity, pH and temperature. In short, each skin environment offers a specific “culture medium” that promotes the growth of given microorganisms.1
For example,
changes in the relative abundance of bacterial taxa are observed between moist, dry and sebaceous microenvironments. Sebaceous environments are generally dominated by lipophilic Propionibacterium species while moist environments are dominated by species such as Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium.2
Skin microbiota equilibrium: an essential concern for skin health Even if not yet fully elucidated, the crucial role that the skin microbiota plays in skin health (and even in overall health) is starting to be understood, and there is no doubt today that the common belief that microbes are inherently harmful is outdated. Indeed, the majority of microorganisms which inhabit the skin are harmless or beneficial, and studies agree that the skin and its microbiota act together to protect the body against external aggressions. Microbiota make up part of the skin barrier, which together with
February 2020 Abstract
Microbial populations living on the skin surface play an important role in skin barrier function, and perturbation of the skin microbiota, or “dysbiosis”, is responsible for many skin conditions. So, rebalancing the skin microbiota equilibrium is an important concern for skin health. Here we focus on acne and dandruff, two common skin disorders which have been associated to dysbiosis, and we present two active ingredients dedicated to rebalancing proportions between specific microbial populations and their positive effects on these two conditions.
the innate immunity, combine to form a delicate balance needed to maintain healthy skin. First, the resident microorganisms of the skin play an important role in the protection against invading pathogens by colonising different areas of the skin surface that would be otherwise available for harmful microbes3
or by secreting
antimicrobial substances. Secondly, cutaneous commensals are essentials for education of the immune system, allowing the maintenance of commensal partners and elimination of possible pathogens.2 However, this balanced interplay between the host and resident bacterial populations is continually affected by intrinsic or extrinsic factors that can alter the composition of skin microbiota. It has been shown that a balanced skin microbiota is not only characterised by a high diversity of species, but also by equilibrium in the quantitative ratios between different microorganisms. So, changes in the composition and even in the proportions of microbial communities that colonise skin can impair the skin barrier, making the host more susceptible to inflammatory diseases and cutaneous infections. Indeed, several studies showed that an imbalance of skin microbiota, called dysbiosis, can be linked to skin disorders or diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, rosacea or acne.4 The aim of this article is to focus on two very common skin disorders in which dysbiosis of the skin microbiota are observed: acne and dandruff, and to explore two innovative solutions to improve these two conditions.
Initial conditions
After 4 weeks of treatment with EPS Seapur
Figure 1: Effect of EPS Seapur on the composition of the cutaneous microbiota (bacterial component) after 4 weeks of treatment (only the 10 most represented species are named in legend).
PERSONAL CARE EUROPE
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