Unit 1, Lesson 4, Exercise D 1.9 Lecture 3
First of all, you take a decision to travel. You may go to a travel agency. Alternatively, you may book a trip through the Internet. Having done so, you can start planning and preparing for what to do and see on your trip.
The information you acquire can come from a diverse range of sources. Often people have heard about a popular destination through hearsay; but they may also have done Internet research, or read books from the library. Advertisements in the media also help because they often allow you to send for brochures.
Having reached the destination region, you visit the sights. You could possibly take organized tours. While you go about the business of travel and leisure, you may want to keep a diary and visit the local Internet café to update your web log and send e-mails. And no doubt you may wish to make the occasional phone call to friends and relatives to tell them what they are missing out on …
On return you’ll relive the experience by telling others of your adventure, sharing stories and photographs, and giving people souvenirs.
Unit 1, Lesson 4, Exercise D 1.10 Lecture 4
OK. So. Factors in the growth of mass travel. Well, there were two particularly important factors. Firstly, there were improvements in technology. Boats and trains enabled more and more people to travel to tourist destinations in the course of the 19th century; in the 20th century, planes made the sky the limit, literally. Secondly, there was an increase in people’s spare time.
So what were some early examples of mass tourism? You may have heard the name Thomas Cook. Actually, his name is used by a well-known British travel agent. Mr Cook can be held ‘responsible’ for organizing the first package trip in history. In 1841 he took a group of people from Leicester to Loughborough by train. These cities were quite far apart, relatively speaking, for those days, so for most travellers this must have been a great adventure. You could say with some justification that this was the start of mass tourism as we know it today.
Who were the target groups for mass travel? The Victorians liked to travel, even though in the
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second half of the 19th century travel was only within the reach of the upper classes, of course, and the developing middle classes – people like merchants, traders and shopkeepers. In the 20th century more and more people earned higher incomes, planes were introduced, and travel became cheaper – within reach of most people in developed countries by the end of the century.
In our 21st century society, where most people have more spare time that they know what to do with, mass travel has taken on incredible proportions. It may be difficult now to appreciate that less than 150 years ago not that many people could actually take time off work to travel, and only a few people could afford transport, accommodation and time spent away from work.
Unit 1, Lesson 4, Exercise D 1.11 Lecture 5
UK tourism has been growing over the last decade, caused by greater mobility and the Internet. Last year overseas tourists spent £11 billion in the UK when they visited. Now this looks like a lot of money until you realize that domestic tourists spent £26 billion on trips of one night or more and a further £33 billion on day trips.
The UK ranks seventh in the international tourism earnings league behind the USA, Spain, France, Italy, China and Germany. The top five overseas markets for the UK last year were the USA, France, Germany, the Irish Republic and the Netherlands.
It can sound somewhat strange when you look at numbers. For instance, did you know that last year UK residents took 101 million vacations of one night or more, 23 million overnight business trips and 37 million overnight trips to friends and relatives?
Unit 1, Lesson 4, Exercise D 1.12 Lecture 6
After the Second World War, in the 1950s, there was a lot of interest in rocket designs, space stations and moon bases. But as Cold War tensions grew, the focus was increasingly on the ‘space race’ between the USA and the Soviet Union, which ended with the first moon landing.
It wasn’t until 1985 that a passenger spacecraft was designed, called Phoenix. In the US, a travel company called Society Expeditions started ‘Project Space Voyage’. They were offering short trips into
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