11 CURRENT ISSUES IN MEDICINE


Answers Possible answers: 1/2/3


Linking words/phrases Finally,


As a result, … because Firstly,


For example, Moreover,


One result is that …


Secondly, So,


Use for


building an argument reasons and results reasons and results building an argument


building an argument building an argument reasons and results


building an argument reasons and results


4 A typical argument is constructed like this: Firstly,


For example, Secondly, Moreover, Finally,


Within or between sentence


between between within


between


between between between


between between


Exercise C making the major support point


supporting the point with a specific example


making the second major support point


adding more information to the point above


making the last point Language note


1 Note that within-sentence linking words may be placed at the beginning of the sentence with a comma after the first clause, as in: Because patient consent must now be obtained from each volunteer, carrying out clinical trials has become more difficult.


2 Although the between-sentence linking words are described above as joining two sentences, they can of course link two independent clauses joined by coordinating linking words and or but, as in: Patient consent must now be obtained from each volunteer and, as a result, carrying out clinical trials has become more difficult.


1/2/3 Set for pairwork. Feed back with the whole class if you wish.


Answers Model answers:


Word


con'flicting con'sent 'dignity


'dilemma 'ethical ex'plicit im'plicit 'justice 'justify


'negligence 'principle re'spect


responsi'bility under'lying uni'formly


Part of speech Other words/phrases adj


contradictory


v (I), n (U) n (U) n (C) adj adj adj


n (U) v (T) n (U) n (C)


v (T), n (U) n (C/U) adj adv


allow, permission self-respect quandary moral clear


inherent, understood fairness defend


carelessness rule


admire, esteem duty


fundamental evenly, regularly Other similar words/phrases Lastly,


Consequently, as


To begin with; To start with; For one thing


For instance, Furthermore,


One consequence of this is … Because of this …


Next; Then Therefore; Thus; Hence,


183


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