Do the first sentence with the whole class as an example on the board. Students should feel free to add words as appropriate to make a coherent sentence; they can also paraphrase. Set the remaining sentences for individual work.


Answers Possible answers:


1 As the relatively small number of systematic reviews available in 2007 suggests, providing timely high-quality evidence can be difficult.


2 The evidence from the clinical audit at University Hospital Swendon shows that many staff may not use evidence-based clinical guidelines effectively.


3 Clinicians are more likely to use guidelines they have helped develop, but the development process can be complex and time consuming.


4 Integrating clinical guidelines into patient support systems can help implement them, however because of long delays in the introduction of systems, their immediate impact may be limited.


Exercise B


Tell students that this is a list of references from the text in Lesson 10.2. Note that it is called ‘References’ because it lists all the references actually given (it is not a list of all the references the author might have consulted but not referred to – this is a bibliography).


Set for individual work and pairwork checking. Note that these tables are intended to help students identify some key information. For a full set of categories to include in a reference list, see the Skills bank. Tell students that when writing a reference list, they will need to pay close attention to the detail of the layout which is in the Vancouver style. See the Skills bank for a website which (at the time of writing) gives further details. In particular, students should note and will need to practise:


 putting the references in the order in which they have been cited in the text with the correct number beside them


 ensuring all the entries have the right spacing and punctuation


 writing all numbers correctly, including dates and page references


 using punctuation, including the role and placing of full stops, commas and colons


 laying out the references in the correct style with the correct positions (e.g., of indents and tabs)


 using standard Vancouver style features such as the use of brackets for volume numbers


Answers Table 1:


Author(s) Greenhalgh T Sackett D, Richardson W,


Rosenberg W, Haynes, R


Table 2: Name of journal


ACP Journal Club BMJ


AMIA Annu Symp Proc Table 3:


Retrieval date URL 26 May 2009


http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/ceweb/ about/index.jsp


Language and subject note


Prior to 1988, BMJ was known as the British Medical Journal, but since then the correct usage has been the letters BMJ. AMIA Annu Symp Proc is a journal, though it is also an example of conference proceedings. Note that for this journal the volume number is also the year in which it is published.


Exercise C Set for individual work and pairwork checking.


Answers 1


Author(s) Place of publication Cheeseman J London Date of


publication 2006


Publisher


Chatham & Bryant


2 Cheeseman J. Approaches to evidence-based medicine. London: Chatham & Bryant; 2006.


Exercise D


Many of these were covered in Unit 5, so ask students to check back if they are not sure, or they can refer to the list at the back of their books. They can also check online at sites given in the Skills bank.


Set for individual work and pairwork checking.


Volume 142


1996 2006


Pages 8–10


71-72 749–753 Place of Date of


publication publication London


2006 New York 1997 Publisher


Wiley- Blackwell


Churchill Livingstone


176


Page 1  |  Page 2  |  Page 3  |  Page 4  |  Page 5  |  Page 6  |  Page 7  |  Page 8  |  Page 9  |  Page 10  |  Page 11  |  Page 12  |  Page 13  |  Page 14  |  Page 15  |  Page 16  |  Page 17  |  Page 18  |  Page 19  |  Page 20  |  Page 21  |  Page 22  |  Page 23  |  Page 24  |  Page 25  |  Page 26  |  Page 27  |  Page 28  |  Page 29  |  Page 30  |  Page 31  |  Page 32  |  Page 33  |  Page 34  |  Page 35  |  Page 36  |  Page 37  |  Page 38  |  Page 39  |  Page 40  |  Page 41  |  Page 42  |  Page 43  |  Page 44  |  Page 45  |  Page 46  |  Page 47  |  Page 48  |  Page 49  |  Page 50  |  Page 51  |  Page 52  |  Page 53  |  Page 54  |  Page 55  |  Page 56  |  Page 57  |  Page 58  |  Page 59  |  Page 60  |  Page 61  |  Page 62  |  Page 63  |  Page 64  |  Page 65  |  Page 66  |  Page 67  |  Page 68  |  Page 69  |  Page 70  |  Page 71  |  Page 72  |  Page 73  |  Page 74  |  Page 75  |  Page 76  |  Page 77  |  Page 78  |  Page 79  |  Page 80  |  Page 81  |  Page 82  |  Page 83  |  Page 84  |  Page 85  |  Page 86  |  Page 87  |  Page 88  |  Page 89  |  Page 90  |  Page 91  |  Page 92  |  Page 93  |  Page 94  |  Page 95  |  Page 96  |  Page 97  |  Page 98  |  Page 99  |  Page 100  |  Page 101  |  Page 102  |  Page 103  |  Page 104  |  Page 105  |  Page 106  |  Page 107  |  Page 108  |  Page 109  |  Page 110  |  Page 111  |  Page 112  |  Page 113  |  Page 114  |  Page 115  |  Page 116  |  Page 117  |  Page 118  |  Page 119  |  Page 120  |  Page 121  |  Page 122  |  Page 123  |  Page 124  |  Page 125  |  Page 126  |  Page 127  |  Page 128  |  Page 129  |  Page 130  |  Page 131  |  Page 132  |  Page 133  |  Page 134  |  Page 135  |  Page 136  |  Page 137  |  Page 138  |  Page 139  |  Page 140  |  Page 141  |  Page 142  |  Page 143  |  Page 144  |  Page 145  |  Page 146  |  Page 147  |  Page 148  |  Page 149  |  Page 150  |  Page 151  |  Page 152  |  Page 153  |  Page 154  |  Page 155  |  Page 156  |  Page 157  |  Page 158  |  Page 159  |  Page 160  |  Page 161  |  Page 162  |  Page 163  |  Page 164  |  Page 165  |  Page 166  |  Page 167  |  Page 168  |  Page 169  |  Page 170  |  Page 171  |  Page 172  |  Page 173  |  Page 174  |  Page 175  |  Page 176  |  Page 177  |  Page 178  |  Page 179  |  Page 180  |  Page 181  |  Page 182  |  Page 183  |  Page 184  |  Page 185  |  Page 186  |  Page 187  |  Page 188  |  Page 189  |  Page 190  |  Page 191  |  Page 192  |  Page 193  |  Page 194  |  Page 195  |  Page 196  |  Page 197  |  Page 198  |  Page 199  |  Page 200  |  Page 201  |  Page 202  |  Page 203  |  Page 204  |  Page 205  |  Page 206  |  Page 207  |  Page 208  |  Page 209  |  Page 210  |  Page 211  |  Page 212  |  Page 213  |  Page 214  |  Page 215  |  Page 216  |  Page 217  |  Page 218  |  Page 219  |  Page 220  |  Page 221  |  Page 222  |  Page 223  |  Page 224  |  Page 225  |  Page 226  |  Page 227  |  Page 228  |  Page 229  |  Page 230  |  Page 231  |  Page 232  |  Page 233  |  Page 234  |  Page 235  |  Page 236  |  Page 237  |  Page 238  |  Page 239  |  Page 240  |  Page 241  |  Page 242  |  Page 243  |  Page 244  |  Page 245  |  Page 246  |  Page 247  |  Page 248  |  Page 249  |  Page 250  |  Page 251  |  Page 252  |  Page 253  |  Page 254  |  Page 255  |  Page 256  |  Page 257  |  Page 258  |  Page 259  |  Page 260  |  Page 261  |  Page 262  |  Page 263  |  Page 264  |  Page 265