Regional Context and Priorities


Cyclone Pam and Typhoon Maysak in Kiribati, the Federated States of Micronesia, Tuvalu, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu in 2015, the Nepal earthquake in 2015 and the heat wave in India in 2015.


Data compiled by the Emergency Events Database (EMDAT) show a sharp rise in the number of reported disasters in Asia and the Pacific since 1960, but a tailing-off since 2000 (Figure 1.3.3).


Many risks of climate change are concentrated in urban areas and affect people, assets, economies, and ecosystems (IPCC 2014b). The risks include heat stress, extreme precipitation,


Figure 1.3.3: Natural disaster events in Asia Pacific, 1970–2014 200


inland and coastal flooding, landslides, air pollution, drought and water scarcity. A lack of essential infrastructure and services, poor-quality housing and living in exposed areas increase risk. Sea-level rise is expected to lead to increasingly adverse impacts such as submergence, coastal flooding and erosion in coastal and low-lying areas.


Extreme events are increasingly affecting small island developing states (UNDESA 2010). Disasters and associated impacts vary significantly across sub-regions. While disaster intensity and loss of life are higher in Southeast Asia and South Asia, the highest property losses occur in Oceania and Australia and New Zealand (Figure 1.3.4).


150


100


50


0 Number of natural disaster events in Asia Pacific Source: EM-DAT 2015


29


1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2007 2010 2012 2014


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