GEO-6 Regional Assessment for Asia and the Pacific
SDG
15. Terrestrial Eco-systems.
Environment-related targets (direct and indirect)
Terrestrial, mountain, and inland freshwater ecosystems and services (15.1); forests (15.2); desertification (15.3); mountain ecosystems (15.4); natural habitats, biodiversity and endangered species (15.5); genetic resources (15.6); poaching and illegal wildlife products (15.7); invasive species (15.8); integration of ecosystem and biodiversity values in national and local planning (15.9); increase in financial resources (15.a, 15.b); action on poaching and trafficking, and capacity building and sustainable livelihoods (15.c)
16. Peace, justice
Rule of law and access to justice (16.3); illicit finance and arms flows (16.4); corruption and bribery (16.5); effective, accountable and transparent institutions (16.6); responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision making (16.7); access to information (16.10); non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development (16.b.)
17. Means of implementation Source: UNEP
Exploring the specific regional implications or priorities of the SDGs for Asia and the Pacific is difficult because of the region’s diversity, with some countries prioritizing certain SDGs. However, this could be counterproductive owing to the interlinked nature of the goals. For example, water is linked to poverty, hunger, energy, climate change, sustainable production and consumption, gender, cities, and so on. This complexity calls for the SDGs to be implemented in an integrated way.
Several cross-cutting issues could facilitate integrated implementation. First, the SDGs address four cross-cutting themes from an environmental perspective: pollution, ecosystem services, decarbonization and resilience. These themes are distributed throughout all the goals, although not systematically. Second, the economy could be reorganized around the principles of sustainable consumption and production. Third, integrated approaches to resource management are needed, including for land, water, energy and air. Fourth, education for sustainable development is not only a goal in itself, but also a key means of achieving other goals. Fifth, the means of implementation should be considered from a broad perspective, including not only finance, but also capacity building, technology, science-policy links and the data revolution. Finally, stronger
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governance is essential for mobilizing all the means of implementation.
The economy is particularly important since it connects the environment with human well-being by mobilizing people through jobs, transforming resources into products and services, and distributing products and services to people to make them prosperous. It is a means of achieving human development, not an end in itself. The economy’s current organizational structure has not been fully successful in achieving human development, poverty reduction or improved health, while it has contributed to degrading the environmental foundations of human development. Moreover, equality as proposed in several SDGs, such as 5 and 10, and inclusive economies are prerequisites for a healthy environment and social well-being. Addressing equality- related objectives will make a significant contribution to achieving environmental goals.
Sustainable consumption and production (SDG 12) provides a central organizing concept for the economy. Changing how the economy is measured, going beyond GDP and focusing on natural capital, is key for changing overall ways of thinking. Resource efficiency, encompassing not just energy but also other essential resources such as water
Domestic resource mobilization (17.1); additional financial resources (17.2, 17.3); technology transfer (17.6, 17.7) and technology bank (17.8); capacity building for SDGs (17.9); policy coherence (17.14); partnerships (17.16, 17.17); data availability (17.18); measurement and beyond GDP (17.19)
Asia and the Pacific issues
Forests in Indonesia and the Mekong; desertification in China and Mongolia; mountains in Nepal; biodiversity in Southeast Asia and China; poaching (broadly regional)
Conflicts over resources; governance issues
All of these points are relevant to Asia and the Pacific
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