People (billion)


Regional Context and Priorities


Figure 1.1.3: Asia and the Pacific rural and urban population projection, 2010–2050


3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0


Urban population - Projection Source:UNDESA 2015 Rural population - Projection


There is, however, a significant difference in the growth of the urban population among the sub-regions, with Australia and New Zealand showing the least, growing at the rate of 1.16 per cent per year; while South Asia shows the largest, 2.66 per cent per year.


Out of 28 mega-cities with more than 10 million people in the world, 15 are in Asia and the Pacific – Tokyo (37.8 million), Delhi (25 million) and Shanghai (23 million) are the three most populous cities in the world (UNDESA 2014). The demographic transition to urban dwellers and environmental links with urbanisation will largely determine the sustainable development pathways of the region during the next 25 years and beyond.


Changing migration patterns in Asia and the Pacific


Population growth, economic development and inequality drive migration patterns in the region, with local and global environmental consequences. Additionally, climate change and extreme events have displaced millions of people each year over the past decade (Section 1.3).


Asia and the Pacific host more than 30 million migrant workers, amongst whom, in contrast with the past, women make up about half of the total (UNDESA 2013). Main source countries are Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka and Viet Nam (Castles and Miller 2009).


7


2010


2015


2020


2025


2030


2035


2040


2045


2050


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