Megatrends, Emerging Issues and Outlooks
Table 4.4.2: Environment-related targets in the SDGs, and Asia and the Pacific issues SDG
Environment-related targets (direct and indirect) 1. Poverty 2. Hunger and food 3. Health 4. Education 5. Gender
6. Water and sanitation
7. Energy
8. Economic growth and jobs
9. Infrastructure and industry
10. Inequality 11. Cities
Access to land and natural resources (1.4); resilience to climate and environmental shocks and disasters (1.5)
Sustainable food production systems (2.4); genetic diversity (2.5); agricultural trade (2.b); commodity markets (2.c)
Deaths and illness from pollution (3.9); water-borne diseases (3.3) Education for sustainable development (ESD) (4.7); scholarships (4.b)
Asia and the Pacific issues
Land degradation and desertification intensify poverty
Difficulty in buying safe food;
health problems from chemical use; overfishing
Air, water, land pollution; waste and sanitation; e-waste
Increasing prosperity and middle class; people can be influenced by ESD
Women’s equal rights to economic resources, property and natural resources (5.a) Gender and environment issues; indoor air pollution/cook stoves
Access to safe water (6.1) and sanitation (6.2); water quality (6.3); water-use efficiency and scarcity (6.4); integrated water management (6.5); ecosystems (6.6); capacity building (6.a); local participation (6.b)
Renewable energy (7.2); energy efficiency (7.3) and related investment (7.a); infrastructure and technology (7.b)
Resource efficiency and decoupling economic growth from environmental degradation (8.4); sustainable tourism (8.9); aid for trade (8.a)
Sustainable and resilient infrastructure (9.1); industrialization (9.2); sustainability upgrading and resource efficiency (9.4); research, technology and innovation (9.5)
Migration (10.7) (which has environmental causes and effects)
Sustainable transport (11.2) and urbanization (11.3); safeguards against disasters and diseases (11.5); environmental issues (air pollution, waste) (11.6); green public spaces (11.7); urban and non-urban environmental planning links (11.a); integrated policies for resource efficiency, climate and disaster resilience (11.b); support to the least developed countries for sustainable and resilient buildings (11.c)
12. Sustainable consumption and production (SCP)
SCP 10-Year Framework of Programmes (10YFP) (12.1); sustainable management and use of natural resources (12.2); food waste (12.3); waste and chemicals management (12.4); waste prevention, reduce, recycle, reuse (12.5); corporate social responsibility (12.6); sustainable public procurement (12.7); awareness for sustainable development and lifestyles (12.8); scientific and technological capacity for SCP (12.a); sustainable tourism and local products (12.b); rationalization of fossil-fuel subsidies (12.c)
13. Climate 14. Oceans
Resilience to disasters and climate hazards (13.1); integration of climate in policies (13.2); education, awareness and human and institutional capacity (13.3); Green Climate Fund of USD100 billion per year (13.a)
Marine pollution (14.1); marine and coastal ecosystems (14.2); ocean acidification (14.3); fishing (14.4); conserve 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas (14.5); prohibit some fisheries subsidies (14.6); economic benefits from sustainable use and management for SIDS (14.7); science, research, technology transfer (14.a.); international law and regimes (14.c)
Health impacts from water pollution; severe water scarcity; water-energy-food nexus
Energy access; energy use; increased renewables and efficiency
Resource efficiency is a priority; green jobs
Asia’s large infrastructure needs should be addressed sustainably
Illegal trade in hazardous waste; impact of land degradation on poor people
Asian megacities; severe urban air pollution; high priority for climate and disaster resilience; increasing leadership by cities
High priority for SCP; severe waste problem; high fossil-fuel subsidies; efforts towards clean production
High priority for small island developing states (SIDS); high priority for adaptation; sea-level rise
High priority for SIDS; increasing ocean garbage; impact of pollution on fish; coral reefs
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