5
DREAMS AND PERSONALITY 5.1 Vocabulary word sets: synonyms, antonyms, etc. • describing trends
A Look at the photographs on the opposite page. 1 Who do they show?
2 What do you know about these people?
B Study the words in box a. 1 Find pairs of words with similar meanings.
2 What part of speech is each word?
a analyze approach aspect aware collective component compromise conscious drive interpret legend mediate method mysticism myth personality self spirituality universal urge
C Study the Hadford University handout on this page.
1 Find a word in box a to replace each blue word or phrase. Change the form if necessary.
2 Find another word in the handout for each of the red words.
D Look at pictures 1–6 on the opposite page. 1 What do they show?
2 Match each picture with a possible interpretation, using some words from the Interpretation of dreams box on the Hadford University handout.
E Read the following statements. Then rewrite them, replacing the underlined words with words and phrases from box b.
Make any necessary changes. b
affect aware basic drive claim folk tale interact with link Example:
Many people do not understand the exact meaning of their dreams.
Many people are unaware of the significance of their dreams.
1 Both Freud and Jung believed that our conscious thoughts have less influence on our behaviour than our instincts.
unconscious universal urge control significance
Faculty: Psychology Lecture: Dreams and personality Dreams are …
• ... interpreted according to different theories of personality.
Freud and Jung …
• … agreed on the power of unconscious impulses.
• … used different approaches to understanding personality structure.
Personality theories
• Freud – psychodynamic interaction between three aspects of personality: id, ego and superego
• Jung – individual unconscious connected to collective unconscious
• linked with mysticism and myths • universality of folk legends
Interpretation of dreams
• Freud – interpretation of dreams makes patients aware of unconscious urges from id
• ego mediates between id and social necessity
• Jung – analysis of dreams links the individual self with universal wisdom in collective unconscious
Interpretation of dreams aggression
hatred
hope fear
anxiety love
2 According to Jung, we are not connected by our individual awareness. 3 The id, the ego and the superego do not act independently of each other. 4 The motives that drive our behaviour are not always conscious. 5 Many myth and legends are not limited to individual countries.
38 .
anger loss of power frustration optimism
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