October, 2016
www.us-tech.com
Risky Business: Keeping the Smart Factory Secure
By Hubertus Grobbel, Security Products Manager, Swissbit AG I
IoT (Industrial Internet of Things) and smart factories rely on sensors, actuators and sys-
tems that are networked and com- municate with each other, but how can that data be safeguarded against espionage and sabotage? Smart and highly-flexible SD cards with inte- grated security for system identifica- tion may offer the answer. Intelligent production that
automatically adapts to products or circumstances, providing convenient remote control and remote mainte- nance are poised to bring manufac- turing to a new level in terms of qual- ity, efficiency and flexibility. However, networking industrial
installations and the subsequent autonomous communication between “things” is risky. For instance, what happens if hackers or manipulated systems seize control of robots or industrial installations? In other words, how does a “thing” know that the data or data selections it receives from another “thing” are legitimate and that these system components are what they say they are?
Three Steps to Security IIoT issues can be addressed
through the use of modern security solutions in conventional IT, along with communication between human users. These solutions require identi- fication, authentication and authori- zation of a particular user.
Identification. This requires a user to log in and reveal his/her true iden- tity. In doing so the system can con- firm the specific user.
Authentication. Authentication is the process of verifying that the user is who they say they are. In order for this to occur, the user needs to pro- vide identification by means of a password/PIN and/or additional hardware-specific credentials, which may be a token, smart card or similar method. For applications where secu- rity is mission-critical, two-factor identification is needed, and includes elements such as a non-copiable means of validation like facial recog- nition or other biometric tools.
Authorization. Once the user has been identified successfully, access is granted and usage rights are provid- ed with approved permissions.
Real-Life Problems Pure software-based solutions
for installations requiring security (including production lines and industrial installations) do not pro- vide adequate protection and can be easily copied and manipulated. Systems that communicate with
each other through the internet or IIoT gateways must provide an iden- tity that cannot be cloned, and also must have the ability to send and receive highly-secure encrypted data. Such protection always requires a solution that is integrated into hard- ware — known as a security anchor. Selecting the right security
anchor for a given application can be done in a number of ways, including installing SIM cards (as is done in mobile phones), soldering identifi- able hardware components (Trusted
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Diagram illustrating Swissbit’s security interface, flash controller and encrypted flash chips.
Platform Module) onto the relevant components, or through the use of processors that can be unambigu- ously identified by integrated ele- ments (Trusted Execution Environ - ment).
While these solutions provide
levels of protection and have a num- ber of pros and cons, under real con- ditions they are subject to certain limitations which need to be consid- ered. One thing they all have in com-
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