GLOSSARY
Logistics and Administration/Finance. The Sec- tion level is organizationally between Branch and the Incident Commander.
Sector. As used within the Incident Command System, are the organizational level having responsibility for operations within a defined geographic area OR with a specific functional assignment. Examples of functional sectors with- in the Operations Section would be the Safety, Rescue, or Medical Sectors. A location may also be designated as a geographic sector, such as the North Sector or Marine Dock Sector.
Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA). A positive pressure, self-contained breathing appa- ratus (SCBA) or combination SCBA/supplied air breathing apparatus certified by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), or the appropriate approval agency for use in atmospheres that are immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH).
Site Management and Control. The manage- ment and control of the physical site of a hazmat incident. Includes initially establishing com- mand, approach and positioning, staging, estab- lishing initial perimeter and hazard control zones, and public protective actions.
Size-Up. The rapid, yet deliberate consideration of all critical scene factors.
Skilled Support Personnel. Personnel who are skilled in the operation of certain equipment, such as cranes and hoisting equipment, and who are needed temporarily to perform immediate emergency support work that cannot reasonably be performed in a timely fashion by emergency response personnel.
Solidification. Process by which a contaminant physically or chemically bonds to another object or is encapsulated by it. May be used as a chem- ical method of confinement or decontamination.
Solubility. The ability of a solid, liquid, gas, or vapor to dissolve in water or other specified medium. The ability of one material to blend uni- formly with another, as in a solid in liquid, liquid in liquid, gas in liquid, or gas in gas. Significant property in evaluating the selection of control and extinguishing agents, including the use of water and firefighting foams.
Sour Crude. Crude oil with a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide.
Specialist Employee. Employees who, in the course of their regular job duties, work with and are trained in the hazards of specific hazardous substances, and who will be called upon to pro- vide technical advice or assistance to the incident Commander at a hazmat incident.
Specific Chemical Monitors. Detection and monitoring instruments designed to detect a large group of chemicals or a specific chemical. Most common examples include carbon monox- ide and hydrogen sulfide.
Specific Gravity. The weight of the material as compared with the weight of an equal volume of water. If the specific gravity is less than one, the material is lighter than water and will float. If the specific gravity is greater than one, the material is heavier than water and will sink. Most insolu- ble hydrocarbons are lighter than water and will float on the surface. Significant property for determining spill control and clean-up proce- dures for water-borne releases.
Spheres. A vessel used for storage of high pres- sure fluids. The geometry of a sphere makes a very strong structure. The even distribution of stresses on the sphere's surfaces, both internally and externally, generally means that there are no weak points. Spheres are more costly to manu- facture than cylindrical or rectangular vessels. They are typically used to store high vapor pres- sure materials like liquefied petroleum gases.
Spill. The release of a liquid, powder, or solid hazardous material in a manner that poses a threat to air, water, ground, and to the environ- ment.
Stabilization. The point in an incident at which the adverse behavior of the hazardous materials is controlled.
Staging. The management of committed and uncommitted emergency response resources (personnel and apparatus) to provide orderly deployment. The safe area established for tempo- rary location of available resources closer to the incident site to reduce response time. See Level I Staging and Level II Staging.
Staging Area. The designated location where emergency response equipment and personnel
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