GLOSSARY
an MC-306/DOT-406 cargo tank truck. Each compartment on the tank truck has a vent that is connected to the truck’s vapor recovery piping system. These vents are then connected either mechanically or pneumatically to each compart- ment’s internal safety valve; when the internal safety valve is opened, the vent will also open. This provides both pressure and vacuum protec- tion during product transfer operations without the vehicle operator having to physically open the dome cover.
Branch. Organizational level within the Incident Command System having functional/ geograph- ic responsibility for major segments of incident operations (e.g., Hazmat Branch). The Branch level is organizationally between Section and Division/Sector/Group.
Breakout Tank.A tank used to: (a) relieve surges in a hazardous liquid pipeline system or (b) re- ceive and store hazardous liquid transported by a pipeline for reinjection and continued trans- portation by pipeline.
British Thermal Unit (BTU). The amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit.
Buddy System. A system of organizing employ- ees into work groups in such a manner that each employee of the work group is designated to be observed by at least one other employee in the work group (per OSHA 1910.120 (a)(3)).
C
Carbon Dioxide (CO2). A chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bond- ed to a single carbon atom. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth's
atmosphere in this state. CO2 is a trace gas com- prising 0.039% of the atmosphere.
Carbon Monoxide (CO). A colorless, odorless and tasteless gas which is slightly lighter than air. It is flammable and highly toxic to humans and animals in higher quantities, although it is also produced in normal animal metabolism in low quantities, and is thought to have some normal biological functions.
Cargo Tanks. Tanks permanently mounted on a tank truck or tank trailer which is used for the transportation of liquefied and compressed gases, liquids, and molten materials. Examples
include MC-306/DOT-406 used for transporting flammable and combustible liquids, and MC- 331used for high-pressure gases.
Cathodic Protection. Method of pipeline corro- sion protection that uses a constant low voltage electrical current run through the pipeline to counteract corrosion.
Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC). Single or multi-piece garment constructed of chemical pro- tective clothing materials designed and config- ured to protect the wearer’s torso, head, arms, legs, hands, and feet; can be constructed as a sin- gle or multi-piece garment. The garment may completely enclose the wearer either by itself or in combination with the wearer's respiratory pro- tection, attached or detachable hood, gloves and boots.
City Gates. A point or measuring station at which a distributing gas utility receives gas from a natural gas pipeline company or transmission system. Typically, utilities take ownership of the natural gas at the City Gate, and deliver it to each individual customer's meter.
Class B Firefighting Foam. A firefighting foam designed to extinguish Class-B fuels. Class B fuels can be subdivided into two more subclass- es: 1) hydrocarbons like gasoline, kerosene, and fuel oil that will not mix with water, and 2) polar solvents like alcohols, ketones, and ethers which will mix with water. Class B foams can be divid- ed into two general categories: synthetic based or protein based. Synthetic foams are basically super soap with fire performance additives. They include high expansion foam, aqueous film form- ing foam (AFFF), and Alcohol Resistant aqueous film forming foam (AR-AFFF). In general, syn- thetic foams flow more freely and provide quick knockdown with limited post fire security. Protein foams use natural protein foamers instead of a synthetic soap, and similar fire per- formance components are added. Protein type foams include regular protein foam (P), fluoro- protein foam (FP), alcohol resistant fluoroprotein foam (AR-FP), film forming fluoroprotein (FFFP), and alcohol resistant film forming fluoroprotein (FFFP). In general, protein- based foams spread slightly slower than synthetic, but produce a more heat resistant, longer lasting foam blanket. [Source: ANGUS FIRE.]
Classes. As used in NFPA 70—The National Electric Code, used to describe the type of flam-
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