232
GLOSSARY
updated every three to four years to accommo- date new products and technology.
Emergency Response Organization. An organi- zation that uses personnel trained in emergency response. This would include fire, law enforce- ment, EMS, and industrial emergency response teams.
Emergency Response Personnel. Personnel assigned to organizations that have the responsi- bility for responding to different types of emer- gency situations.
Emergency Response Plan (ERP). A plan that establishes guidelines for handling hazmat inci- dents as required by regulations such as SARA, Title III, and HAZWOPER (29 CFR 1910.120).
Emergency Response Team (ERT). Crews of spe- cially-trained personnel used within industrial facilities for the control and mitigation of emer- gency situations. May consist of both shift per- sonnel with ERT responsibilities as part of their job assignment (e.g., plant operators), or volun- teer members. ERT's may be responsible for fire, hazmat, medical, and technical rescue emergen- cies, depending upon the size and operation of the facility.
Emergency Shutdown Device (ESD). Manually- or automatically-activated emergency systems that may be found at compressor or pumping stations to stop the compressor/pump engines, isolate piping, and vent piping contents in a manner that will not create an additional hazard.
Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). A technique used for increasing the amount of crude oil extracted from an oil field by injecting gas or liq- uid into a well. Carbon dioxide or nitrogen gas injection is the most common EOR method employed.
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). If a pro- posed new pipeline corridor falls under the requirements of the National Environmental Protection Act, this statement may be required to address potential environmental impacts and ways to address the environmental effects through avoidance or mitigation.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The purpose of the EPA is to protect and enhance our environment today and for future generations to the fullest extent possible under the laws enacted
by Congress. EPA’s mission is to control and abate pollution in the areas of water, air, solid waste, pesticides, noise, and radiation. EPA’s mandate is to mount an integrated, coordinated attack on environmental pollution in cooperation with state and local governments.
http://www.epa.gov/
Evacuation. A public protective option which results in the removal of fixed facility personnel and the public from a threatened area to a safer location. It is typically regarded as the controlled relocation of people from an area of known dan- ger or unacceptable risk to a safer area, or one in which the risk is considered to be acceptable.
Expansion Ratio. The amount of gas produced by the evaporation of one volume of liquid at a given temperature. Significant property when evaluating liquid and vapor releases of liquefied gases and cryogenic materials. The greater the expansion ratio, the more gas that is produced and the larger the hazard area.
Explosion-Proof Construction. Encases the elec- trical equipment in a rigidly built container so that (1) it withstands the internal explosion of a flammable mixture, and (2) prevents propagation to the surrounding flammable atmosphere. Used in Class I, Division 1 atmospheres at fixed instal- lations.
Exposed Underwater Pipeline. An underwater pipeline where the top of the pipe protrudes above the natural bottom (as determined by rec- ognized and generally accepted practices) in waters less than 15 feet (4.6 meters) deep, as measured from mean low water.
Exposures. Items which may be impinged upon by a hazmat release. Examples include people (civilians and emergency responders), property (physical and environmental), and systems dis- ruption.
F
Facility Piping. A pipeline system that is located on the grounds of a plant and used to transfer hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide between plant facilities or between plant facilities and a pipeline or other mode of transportation, not including any device and associated pipeline that are necessary to control pressure in the pipeline as defined under 49 CFR§195.406(b).
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