244
GLOSSARY
ment, storage, and disposal facilities. It also establishes installation, leak prevention, and notification requirements for underground stor- age tanks.
Respiratory Protection. Equipment designed to protect the wearer from the inhalation of con- taminants. Respiratory protection includes posi- tive-pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), positive-pressure airline respirators (SAR's), and air purifying respirators.
Response. That portion of incident management in which personnel are involved in controlling (offensively or defensively) a hazmat incident. The activities in the response portion of a hazmat incident include analyzing the incident, plan- ning the response, implementing the planned response, and evaluating progress.
Responsible Party (RP). A legally recognized entity (e.g., person, corporation, business or part- nership, etc.) that has a legally recognized status of financial accountability and liability for actions necessary to abate and mitigate adverse environmental and human health and safety impacts resulting from a non-permitted release or discharge of a hazardous material. The person or agency found legally accountable for the clean-up of an incident.
Retention. A physical method of confinement by which a liquid is temporarily contained in an area where it can be absorbed, neutralized, or picked up for proper disposal. Retention tactics are intended to be more permanent and may require resources such as portable basins or blad- der bags constructed of chemically resistant materials.
Rights-of-Way (ROW). A strip of land, usually about 25 to 150 feet wide, containing one or more pipelines or other subsurface utilities (e.g., com- munications, fiber optic cables) on which the pipeline operator has the rights to construct, operate, and/or maintain a pipeline. They may be found in urban, suburban, and rural areas.
Risks. The probability of suffering a harm or loss. Risks are variable and change with every incident.
Risk Analysis. A process to analyze the proba- bility that harm may occur to life, property, and the environment and to note the risks to be taken to identify the incident objectives.
S
Safety Officer. Responsible for the safety of all personnel, including monitoring and assessing safety hazards, unsafe situations, and develop- ing measures for ensuring personnel safety. The Incident Safety Officer (ISO) has the authority to terminate any unsafe actions or operations, and is a required function based upon the require- ments of OSHA 1910.120 (q).
Safe Refuge Area. A temporary holding area within the Hot Zone for contaminated people until a decontamination corridor is set up.
Salt Beds.A form of a salt cavern typically found at shallower depths and as much thinner forma- tions, typically no more than a few hundred feet in height. Because salt beds are wide, thin forma- tions, their salt cavern geometry is significantly different than salt dome deposits. For that rea- son, the creation of gas storage caverns in bed- ded salt formations may be more expensive to develop as storage facilities than salt domes.
Salt Cavern. Salt caverns are formed out of exist- ing salt deposits. These underground salt deposits may exist in two possible forms: salt domes and salt beds. Underground salt caverns and formations are well suited to natural gas storage in that salt caverns, once formed, allow little injected natural gas to escape from the for- mation unless specifically extracted. The walls of a salt cavern also have the structural strength of steel, which makes them very resilient against reservoir degradation over the life of the storage facility.
Salt Dome. A form of a salt cavern that is a thick formation created from natural salt deposits that, over time, extrude up through overlying sedi- mentary layers to form large dome-type struc- tures. They can be as large as a mile in diameter and 30,000 feet in height. Typically, salt caverns used for natural gas storage are between 6,000 and 1,500 feet beneath the surface, although in rare instances they may be closer to the earth’s surface.
Scene. The location impacted or potentially impacted by a hazard.
Section. That organization level within the Incident Command System having functional responsibility for primary segments of incident operations, such as Operations, Planning,
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