GLOSSARY
Farm Tap.A single pressure reducing station con- nected to a pipeline with a pressure greater than 60 psi, usually to serve an individual or a small number of customers. Sometimes located in boxes covered by a metal lid, a farm tap may be used to supply power plants, industrial manufac- turing facilities, and even individual homes.
Federal Bureau of Investigation. U.S. govern- ment agency with a mission to protect and defend the U.S. against terrorist and foreign intel- ligence threats, to uphold and enforce the crimi- nal laws of the U.S., and to provide leadership and criminal justice services to federal, state, municipal, and international agencies and part- ners.
http://www.fbi.gov/homepage.htm
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). Independent federal agency that regu- lates the interstate transmission of natural gas, oil, and electricity. FERC also regulates the trans- mission and sale of natural gas for resale in inter- state commerce, the transmission of oil by pipeline in interstate commerce, and approves the siting of and abandonment of interstate natu- ral gas facilities, including pipelines, storage, and liquefied natural gas.
Federal On-Scene Coordination (FOSC). The federal official responsible for monitoring or directing responses to all oil spills and hazardous substance releases reported to the federal govern- ment. The FOSC coordinates all federal efforts with, and provides support and information to, local, state and regional response communities. The FOSC is an agent of either EPA or the U.S. Coast Guard, depending on where the incident occurs. EPA FOSCs have primary responsibility for spills and releases to inland areas and waters, while U.S. Coast Guard FOSCs have responsibil- ity for coastal waters and the Great Lakes. In gen- eral, the FOSC has the following key responsibil- ities during and after a response to a hazardous substance release or an oil spill: 1) assessment; 2) monitoring; 3) response assistance; and 4) evalu- ation.
Fire Entry Suits. Suits which offer complete, effective protection for short duration entry into a total flame environment. Designed to with- stand exposures to radiant heat levels up to 2,000°F (1,093°C). Entry suits consist of a coat, pants, and separate hood assembly. They are con- structed of several layers of flame-retardant materials, with the outer layer often aluminized.
Fire Point. Minimum temperature at which a liq- uid gives off sufficient vapors that will ignite and sustain combustion. It is typically several degrees higher than the flash point. In assessing the risk posed by a flammable liquids release, greater emphasis is placed upon the flash point, since it is a lower temperature and sustained combustion is not necessary for significant injuries or damage to occur.
First Responder. The first trained person(s) to arrive at the scene of a hazardous materials inci- dent. May be from the public or private sector of emergency services.
First Responder, Awareness Level. Individuals who are likely to witness or discover a hazardous substance release who have been trained to initi- ate an emergency response sequence by notifying the proper authorities of the release. They would take no further action beyond notifying the authorities of the release.
First Responder, Operations Level. Individuals who respond to releases or potential releases of hazardous substances as part of the initial response to the site for the purpose of protecting nearby persons, property, or the environment from the effects of the release. They are trained to respond in a defensive fashion without actually trying to stop the release. Their function is to con- tain the release from a safe distance, keep it from spreading, and prevent exposures.
Flame Ionization Detector (FID). Detection and monitoring device used to determine the pres- ence of organic vapors and gases in air. Operates in two modes—survey mode and gas chromato- graph.
Flammable (Explosive) Range. The range of gas or vapor concentration (percentage by volume in air) that will burn or explode if an ignition source is present. Limiting concentrations are common- ly called the "lower flammable (explosive) limit" and the "upper flammable (explosive) limit." Below the lower flammable limit, the mixture is too lean to burn; above the upper flammable limit, the mixture is too rich to burn. If the gas or vapor is released into an oxygen enriched atmos- phere, the flammable range will expand. Likewise, if the gas or vapor is released into an oxygen deficient atmosphere, the flammable range will contract.
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