GLOSSARY
b) Airborne combustible dust exceeds its LEL.
c) Atmospheric oxygen concentrations below 19.5% or above 23.5%.
d) Atmospheric concentration of any sub- stance for which a dose or PEL is published and which could result in employee expo- sure in excess of these values.
e) Any other atmospheric condition which is immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH).
2) Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an entrant.
3) Has an internal configuration such that a per- son could be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor which slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross section; or
4) Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard.
Confinement. Procedures taken to keep a mate- rial in a defined or localized area once released.
Consensus Standards Process. In the U.S., stan- dards are developed primarily through a demo- cratic process whereby a committee of subject matter specialists representing varied interests writes the first draft of the standard. The docu- ment is then submitted to either a larger body of specialists or the general public, who then may amend, vote on, and approve the standard for publication. Collectively, this procedure is known as the Consensus Standards Process.
Containment. Actions necessary to keep a mate- rial in its container (e.g., stop a release of the material or reduce the amount being released).
Contaminant. A hazardous material that physi- cally remains on or in people, animals, the envi- ronment, or equipment, thereby creating a con- tinuing risk of direct injury or a risk of exposure outside of the Hot Zone.
Contamination. The process of transferring a hazardous material from its source to people, ani- mals, the environment, or equipment, which may act as a carrier.
Contingency (Emergency) Planning. A compre- hensive and coordinated response to the hazmat problem. This planning process builds upon the hazards analysis and recognizes that no single
public or private sector agency is capable of man- aging the hazmat problem by itself.
Control. The offensive or defensive procedures, techniques, and methods used in the mitigation of a hazardous materials incident, including con- tainment, extinguishment, and confinement.
Controlled Burn. Defensive or non-intervention tactical objective by which a fire is allowed to burn with no effort to extinguish the fire.
Corrosivity (pH) Detector. A meter, paper, or strip that indicates the relative acidity or alkalin- ity of a substance, generally using an internation- al scale of 0 (acid) through 14 (alkali-caustic). (See pH.)
Critique. An element of incident termination that examines the overall effectiveness of the emer- gency response effort and develops recommen- dations for improving the organization's emer- gency response system.
Crude Oil.A mixture of oil, gas, water, and other impurities, such as metallic compounds and sul- fur. Its color can range from yellow to black. This mixture includes various petroleum fractions with a wide range of boiling points. The exact composition of crude oil varies depending upon from where in the world the crude oil was pro- duced.
Curb Valves. A natural gas shutoff valve located on a distribution line. The curb valve is the point at which the customer service line begins.
D
Dam. A physical method of confinement by which barriers are constructed to prevent or reduce the quantity of liquid flowing into the environment.
Dead on Arrival (DOA). Phrase used in emer- gency services to indicate a patient had expired prior to the emergency service units arrival on the scene and before any lifesaving actions were initiated.
Debriefing. An element of incident termination which focuses on the following factors:
1) Informing responders exactly what hazmats they were (possibly) exposed to, and the signs and symptoms of exposure.
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