242
GLOSSARY
bution pipelines. Using a computerized Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) System, operators can monitor pipeline pressure, flow, temperature, alarms, and other conditions in the pipeline as well as shutdown the pipeline and begin to isolate the source of a leak in the event of an emergency. It is typically remote from the physical location of the pipeline.
Pipeline Leak Monitor (PLM). Instrumentation designed to detect a change in volume, flow, or pressure inside of a pipeline. A PLM system can provide pipeline operators with an early warn- ing that there is a leak in the pipeline system and help pinpoint the location of the problem.
Pipeline System. All parts of a pipeline facility through which a hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide moves in transportation, including, but not limited to, line pipe, valves, and other appur- tenances connected to line pipe, pumping units, fabricated assemblies associated with pumping units, metering and delivery stations and fabri- cated assemblies therein, and breakout tanks.” See 49 CFR Part 195.2.
Pipeline Throughput. The volume of product that goes through a section of equipment during a specified amount of time.
Pipeline Train. A shipment of different liquid petroleum products created in a transmission pipeline by the pipeline operator. Multiple prod- ucts are batched together in a specific order based upon customer needs and product com- patibility.
Planning Section. Responsible for the collection, evaluation, dissemination, and use of informa- tion about the development of the incident and the status of resources. Includes the Situation Status, Resource Status, Documentation, and Demobilization Units as well as Technical Specialists.
Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC). PVC is a thermo- plastic polymer constructed of repeating vinyl groups (ethenyls) having one of their hydrogens replaced with a chloride group. It is widely used in natural gas distribution system piping.
Polyethylene (PE). A thermoplastic polymer consisting of long chains produced by combing the ingredient monomer ethylene. It is common- ly used to manufacture polyethylene pipelines.
Post-Emergency Response Operations (PERO). That portion of an emergency response per- formed after the immediate threat of a release has been stabilized or eliminated, and the clean-up of the site has begun.
Post-Incident Analysis. An element of incident termination that includes completion of the required incident reporting forms, determining the level of financial responsibility, and assem- bling documentation for conducting a critique.
Pounds Per Square Inch Gauge (PSIG). A gauge that measures in pounds per square inch, a unit for measuring pressure (force per unit area). Pressure is measured relative to the earths atmos- phere, which has a pressure of about 14.7 pounds per square inch (psi) at sea level. This relative pressure is called the gauge pressure.
Powered-Air Purification Respirators (PAPR). Air-purifying respirators that use a blower to force the ambient air through air-purifying ele- ments to a full-face mask. As a result, there is a slight positive pressure in the facepiece that results in an increased protection factor. Where an APR has a protection factor of 50:1, a PAPR will have a protection factor of 1,000:1.
Pressure Isolation and Reduction. A physical or chemical method of containment by which the internal pressure of a closed container is reduced. The tactical objective is to sufficiently reduce the internal pressure in order to either reduce the flow or minimize the potential of a container failure.
Pressure Relief Valve (PRV). A type of pressure relief device designed to open and close in order to maintain internal pressure within a container or pipeline and minimize the risk of container failure.
Protection In-Place. Directing fixed facility per- sonnel and the general public to go inside of a building or a structure and remain indoors until the danger from a hazardous materials release has passed. It may also be referred to as in-place protection, sheltering-in-place, sheltering, and taking refuge.
Protective Clothing. Equipment designed to pro- tect the wearer from heat and/or hazardous materials contacting the skin or eyes. Protective clothing is divided into four types:
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92 |
Page 93 |
Page 94 |
Page 95 |
Page 96 |
Page 97 |
Page 98 |
Page 99 |
Page 100 |
Page 101 |
Page 102 |
Page 103 |
Page 104 |
Page 105 |
Page 106 |
Page 107 |
Page 108 |
Page 109 |
Page 110 |
Page 111 |
Page 112 |
Page 113 |
Page 114 |
Page 115 |
Page 116 |
Page 117 |
Page 118 |
Page 119 |
Page 120 |
Page 121 |
Page 122 |
Page 123 |
Page 124 |
Page 125 |
Page 126 |
Page 127 |
Page 128 |
Page 129 |
Page 130 |
Page 131 |
Page 132 |
Page 133 |
Page 134 |
Page 135 |
Page 136 |
Page 137 |
Page 138 |
Page 139 |
Page 140 |
Page 141 |
Page 142 |
Page 143 |
Page 144 |
Page 145 |
Page 146 |
Page 147 |
Page 148 |
Page 149 |
Page 150 |
Page 151 |
Page 152 |
Page 153 |
Page 154 |
Page 155 |
Page 156 |
Page 157 |
Page 158 |
Page 159 |
Page 160 |
Page 161 |
Page 162 |
Page 163 |
Page 164 |
Page 165 |
Page 166 |
Page 167 |
Page 168 |
Page 169 |
Page 170 |
Page 171 |
Page 172 |
Page 173 |
Page 174 |
Page 175 |
Page 176 |
Page 177 |
Page 178 |
Page 179 |
Page 180 |
Page 181 |
Page 182 |
Page 183 |
Page 184 |
Page 185 |
Page 186 |
Page 187 |
Page 188 |
Page 189 |
Page 190 |
Page 191 |
Page 192 |
Page 193 |
Page 194 |
Page 195 |
Page 196 |
Page 197 |
Page 198 |
Page 199 |
Page 200 |
Page 201 |
Page 202 |
Page 203 |
Page 204 |
Page 205 |
Page 206 |
Page 207 |
Page 208 |
Page 209 |
Page 210 |
Page 211 |
Page 212 |
Page 213 |
Page 214 |
Page 215 |
Page 216 |
Page 217 |
Page 218 |
Page 219 |
Page 220 |
Page 221 |
Page 222 |
Page 223 |
Page 224 |
Page 225 |
Page 226 |
Page 227 |
Page 228 |
Page 229 |
Page 230 |
Page 231 |
Page 232 |
Page 233 |
Page 234 |
Page 235 |
Page 236 |
Page 237 |
Page 238 |
Page 239 |
Page 240 |
Page 241 |
Page 242 |
Page 243 |
Page 244 |
Page 245 |
Page 246 |
Page 247 |
Page 248 |
Page 249 |
Page 250 |
Page 251 |
Page 252 |
Page 253 |
Page 254 |
Page 255 |
Page 256 |
Page 257 |
Page 258 |
Page 259 |
Page 260 |
Page 261 |
Page 262 |
Page 263 |
Page 264 |
Page 265 |
Page 266 |
Page 267 |
Page 268