GENERAL NUTRITION GUIDELINES Energy: Carbohydrate:
Protein: Fat:
Soccer is considered a relatively high–energy-expenditure sport.
Recommended intake is approximately 5 g/kg/d and 7 to 12 g/kg/d during training and competition.
Recommended intake is between 1.4 and 1.7 g/kg/d. The remainder of kcals should be consumed as fat with an emphasis on heart-healthy fats.
COMMON NUTRITIONAL CONCERNS
Energy Intake Energy expenditure is high during training and games. A 75-kg male soccer player may expend more than 1,500 kcal in a game. Many players, both male and female, do not consume an adequate energy intake, which can lead to early onset of fatigue and poor nutrient intake.
Fluid Intake Players should consume fl uid early and at regular intervals during the game. Needs are especially high in hot, humid conditions. Carbohydrate/electrolyte solutions are benefi cial during the game. Special attention should be paid to youth soccer players because they do not sweat as much as adults, and the risk for dehy- dration and heat illness is high. Youth players should consume fl uid at least every 15 to 20 minutes during practice and frequently during games.
Restoration of Glycogen, Fluids, and Electrolytes Glycogen stores and fl uid and electrolyte losses must be replenished beginning immediately aſt er competi- tion or training. Soccer games are oſt en scheduled close to each other with little time between games to re- place muscle glycogen. Recovery nutrition helps soccer players make it through the season without fatigue. Some postexercise protein consumption is also encouraged. Appetite may be depressed, so liquid meal re- placements may become an important option.
Frequent Travel Frequent travel makes it diffi cult to maintain a routine and increases exposure to high-energy, low–nutrient- dense foods.