5.1 Vocabulary
Word 1
architecture calculate complex configure convert create engine
knowledge need
record
specification stage
5.1_B
You could supply blank tables for students to fill in from the PDF provided.
1. Explain that the purpose of this exercise is to build sets of synonyms. This is helpful both for listening/ reading (understanding textual cohesion) and speaking/writing (paraphrasing). Tell students to think about how to identify similar words – possibly by considering how prefixes are used, or by using their dictionaries.
2. Tell students to use their dictionaries, if necessary, to check the grammatical information.
Answers See table above.
C
Explain that this activity will help students to see how synonyms are often used to vary the vocabulary used in a text.
1. Explain that in this exercise, there are many cases where either of two words can be used to fill the space without significantly changing the meaning.
5.1_C1
Set for individual work and pairwork checking. Feed back visually as a class by filling in the spaces. You could use the PDF provided.
Remind students that synonyms don’t always have exactly the same meaning. Highlight the example of complex and sophisticated: complex refers to the make-up of the object itself, while sophisticated refers
Part of speech n [U]
v [T] adj
v [T] v [T] v [T] n [C] n [U] n [U] v [T]
n [C/U] n [C]
Word 2 design
work out
sophisticated set up
translate develop machine
understanding requirement store
tolerance step
Part of speech Words with similar meanings n [C/U]
phr v adj
phr v v [T] v [T] n [C] n [U] n [C] v [T] n [U] n [C]
specification, plan compute advanced arrange
transform make
device
awareness demand retain
exactness phase
to the level of development (e.g., more sophisticated than previous versions). In this case, both words can be used, but they will not always be interchangeable.
Answers
This lecture will consider the major developments in the power of processors and their effects on computing. In 1965, Moore’s law predicted that every two years manufacturers would develop processors with double the number of transistors at half the cost. This predicted rate of development continued over many decades. To make this possible, the design of computer processors has become more complex. These developments in processor architecture have depended on tools which have smaller and smaller tolerances | specifications. At each stage | step of development, the components have become smaller and smaller, and the ability of processors to calculate | work out, store | record and convert | translate data have continued to grow. More recently, there have been many warnings that it is not possible to create smaller components. However, the processor designs are now so sophisticated that designers need a deep knowledge of the way in which electrons interact at an atomic level. This lecture will explore the different ways in which the power of processors has increased over time and what the effects of this have been on computing. It will consider whether Moore’s law has finally reached its limit and how this can help our understanding of the future growth of computer power.
2. Explain that this activity gives students more practice with synonyms, though this task is a little more difficult.
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