THEATRE DESIGN
healthcare workers and their movement/ traffic pathway, the remaining space is considered to be the equipment area. To validate our model, we used the ratio of this equipment area to total OT size as an indicator. Equipment used in the operating theatre consisted of the equipment routinely used in ordinary surgery and that temporarily used for specific surgery. The former equipment includes the operating table and anaesthetic machine, and the latter a heart lung machine, surgical microscope, or surgical navigation system. We calculated the average equipment
size and OT size using the operative records and equipment usage at our hospital during April 2011. The actual footprint of the equipment was measured beforehand, as shown in Table 1, while we estimated the ratio of equipment size using our model based on the type of theatre. The total equipment area was calculated by subtracting the total space apportioned to healthcare workers, the patient, and their movement/traffic pathway/practice, from the estimated OT size, using Equation 1 (see previous page). We compared the measured ratio in our hospital’s operative records with the calculated ratio according to the OT classification.
Practicality of our model In the next stage of our research, we assessed the practicality of our model using the degree of satisfaction of the theatre directors (medical or nurse OT directors) of 43 national university hospitals nationwide. We sent them a questionnaire asking which OT was most frequently assigned to 13 representative procedures. They were asked whether they were happy with the size of OTs currently used for the aforementioned procedures. They were also asked to provide floor maps of their surgical suites so that we could measure OT size. For each surgical procedure, the university hospitals were grouped according to the directors’ answer, i.e. ‘satisfied’ or ‘dissatisfied’. We then calculated the average OT size with which the OT directors were satisfied or dissatisfied for each procedure.
Results
Calculated OT size for each surgical procedure Using our model, the OT sizes measured 36, 48, 64, 80, 90, and 100 m2
for
minimum OT (Fig. 3), standard OT (Fig. 4), ideal OT (Fig. 5), OT for cardiac surgery (Fig. 6), OT for specific surgery (Fig. 7), and OT for multi-subspecialty surgery (Fig. 8), respectively.
Validity of our model
Based on actual equipment usage, the average area apportioned to routinely
IFHE DIGEST 2020
Table for specimens
2.0 m 90 m2 Figure 7. Three types of OT for specific surgery. 41 6.0 m 2.0 m
Navigation machine
Standard-sized operating theatre
C-arm X-ray machine
Rear table for surgical instruments
X-ray monitor Cell saver
Cardiopulmonary bypass
Table for specimens
2.0 m 90 m2 6.0 m 2.0 m
Standard-sized operating theatre
C-arm X-ray machine
Rear table for surgical instruments
X-ray monitor
Navigation machine
Table for specimens
2.0 m 90 m2 6.0 m 2.0 m
Standard-sized operating theatre
Surgical
Rear table for surgical instruments
microscope Cell saver
8.0 m
1.0 m
8.0 m
1.0 m
8.0 m
1.0 m
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