PART 2
Rule 18.3 adds to the tacking boat’s Section A and B obligations. She may comply with rule 13 and 15, but can still break the additional requirements of rule 18.3.
The first trigger for rule 18.3 is when the tacking boat passes head to wind while ‘in the zone’, to be on the same starboard tack as the non-tacking boat and now fetching the mark. The definition Zone says that a boat is ‘in the zone’ when any part of her hull is in the zone. Her luff may have begun either inside or outside the zone. She may in fact not have completed her tack at the moment she breaks rule 18.3, for instance if she passes head to wind and then continues in a ‘rule 13 condition’ in order to shoot the mark with her momentum, delaying bearing away to a close-hauled course until she is able to pass the mark. It is sufficient that she is fetching the mark.
Definition Fetching A boat is fetching a mark when she is in a position to pass to windward of it and leave it on the required side without changing tack.
When Blue, the tacking boat, passes head to wind, she will now be on the same tack as Yellow, and can fetch the mark. Let us assume that Yellow is sailing faster, and there would be contact with Blue during or after her tack if Yellow does not change course and become overlapped. The test for breaking rule 18.3 is what Yellow has to do to comply with rule 14 while Blue is subject to rule 13, and what Yellow has to do to comply with rule 11 or 12 if the tack is completed. If Blue ‘caused’ Yellow to luff above close-hauled1
, the
tack was made too close to Yellow. If Yellow has to bear away to a leeward overlap, so that Yellow is caused to become overlapped to leeward and then either cannot round the mark on her required side, or, if she can, is not given sufficient mark-room by Blue, Blue breaks rule 18.32
.
If the tacking boat can cross the non- tacker before tacking, and the non- tacker then gets an inside overlap from clear astern without needing to alter course, the now-windward boat must
1 2 Rule 18.3
If, to keep clear of Blue or avoid her, Yellow had to sail above close-hauled or was prevented from passing the mark to port, Blue passed head to wind while in the zone too close to Yellow, breaking rule 18.3.
4 3 4 3 2
Blue must keep clear of Yellow and give-her mark-room.
Yellow breaks rule 16.1 but rule 21(a) exonerates her because Blue did not give mark-room, breaking rule 18.3.
1
give mark-room. At first sight, this does not seem necessary, because the windward boat has to keep clear in any case. However, rule 18.3 makes rule 18.2 non-applicable, and the right to mark-room has to be restored to the non-tacking boat by rule 18.3 in order for her to regain the protection of rule 21(a), Exoneration, which frees her from any rule 16.1 constraints in bearing away while rounding it. However, there are constraints on the non- tacking boat. Exoneration for breaking rule 16.1 under rule 21(a) applies only to a breach occurring while rounding the mark. The same applies to any breach of rule 15.
1 Judges observing the rounding will be looking for a flapping sail. 2
See RYA 1974/8 RYA The Racing Rules Explained 81
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