180 Module 16 • Hydraulics
Te main functions of the reservoir are: • A fluid storage tank • Promotes air separation from the fluid • Support for the pump and electric motor • Promotes heat dispersion • Acts as a base plate for mounting control equipment.
To achieve these functions, the reservoir must have the following components:
• Sight glass: Fluid levels must be continuously checked by means of a sight glass. Maximum and minimum fluid levels must be clearly indicated.
• Return line: Te return line returns the oil to the return chamber of the reservoir.
• Suction line: Te suction strainer is connected to the suction line. Te function of the suction line is to connect the suction chamber to the inlet of the pump.
• Strainer: Te purpose of the strainer is to prevent contamination from entering the hydraulic system.
• Removable cover: Te purpose of the removable cover (generally two of them, one for the suction chamber, the other for the return chamber) is to make cleaning of the reservoir easy.
• Baffle plate: Te purpose of the baffle plate is to divide the reservoir into two compartments (suction and return chambers). In the return chamber the fluid is allowed to settle, deposit any contamination, disperse air trapped in the fluid and disperse heat before moving into the suction chamber.
• Drain plug: Te purpose of the drain plug is to enable the maintenance person to remove the hydraulic fluid from the reservoir during fluid changes as cleanly as possibly. Te drain plug is always fitted at the lowest point of the reservoir.
• Magnetic plugs: Magnetic plugs are optional in reservoirs and their purpose is to trap iron, steel or any magnetic matter in the fluid.
• Filter/breather: Fulfils an important role in keeping dirt out of the fluid. It consists of a mesh strainer to retain any foreign matter while the reservoir is filled and a cap with a micronic element which filters the air drawn into the reservoir.
Turbulence is avoided by forcing the fluid to take an
to pump inlet line strainer
oil is cooled and air separated out when it reaches inlet
baffle plate Figure 16.6 Baffle plate controls direction of oil flow in the reservoir
return flow is directed outward to tank wall
indirect path to the pump inlet return line
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