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to Boost Semicon Performance Continued from page 1
could also be used to make flexible displays and electronics that can stretch and bend, allowing you to in- tegrate electronics into new places like clothing,” says Arnold. “The ad- vance enables new types of electron- ics that aren’t possible with the more brittle materials manufacturers are currently using.” Carbon nanotubes are single
atomic sheets of carbon rolled up into a tube. As some of the best electrical conductors ever discovered, carbon nanotubes have long been recognized as a promising material for next-gen- eration transistors, forming the foun- dation of an electronic device. How - ever, researchers have strug gled to isolate purely semiconducting carbon nanotubes, which are crucial, because metallic nanotube impurities act like copper wires and “short” the device. Researchers have also struggled
to control the placement and align- ment of nanotubes. Until now, these two challenges have limited the de- velopment of high-performance car- bon nanotube transistors.
Polymers Sort the Nanotubes Building on more than two
decades of carbon nanotube research in the field, the UW-Madison team drew on cutting-edge technologies that use polymers to selectively sort out the semiconducting nanotubes, achieving a solution of ultra-high-pu- rity semiconducting carbon nan- otubes. Previous techniques to align the
nanotubes resulted in less-than-de- sirable packing density, or how close the nanotubes are to one another when they are assembled in a film. However, the UW-Madison re-
searchers pioneered a new tech- nique, called floating evaporative self-assembly, or FESA, which they described earlier in 2014 in the ACS journal Langmuir. In that technique,
researchers exploited a self-assembly phenomenon triggered by rapidly evaporating a carbon nanotube solu- tion.
The team’s most recent advance
also brings the field closer to realiz- ing carbon nanotube transistors as a feasible replacement for silicon tran- sistors in computer chips and in high-frequency communication de- vices, which are rapidly approaching their physical scaling and perform- ance limits.
Giant Leap in Performance “This is not an incremental im-
provement in performance,” Arnold says. “With these results, we’ve real- ly made a leap in carbon nanotube transistors. Our carbon nanotube transistors are an order of magni- tude better in conductance than the best thin film transistor technologies currently being used commercially while still switching on and off like a transistor is supposed to function.” The researchers have patented
their technology through the Wiscon- sin Alumni Research Foundation and have begun working with companies to accelerate the technology transfer to industry. The work was funded by a grant
from the National Science Founda- tion, as well as grants from the UW- Madison Center of Excellence for Ma- terials Research and Innovation, the U.S. Army Research Office, the Na- tional Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program, and the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation. Additional authors on the ACS Nano paper include UW- Madison materials science and engi- neering graduate students Gerald Brady, Yongho Joo and Matthew Shea, and electrical and computer engineering graduate student Meng- Yin Wu. Contact: UW-Madison,
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