Similarly, in 1935, the Supreme Court relocated from the U.S. Capitol Building to its current building. With that move, the AOC assumed shared facility management responsibilities with the Marshal of the Supreme Court. The AOC’s support to the judicial branch increased with the construction of the Thurgood Marshall Federal Judiciary Building, completed in 1992.


Pierre L’Enfant’s 1791 plan for the design of the federal capital city of Washington located the U.S. Capitol Building on the elevated east end of the National Mall.


In recent years, the AOC oversaw the construction project of the U.S. Capitol Visitor Center, completed in 2008. This facility was the largest expansion to the U.S. Capitol Building in its history. The 2011 transfer of Union Square, a 13-acre site between the U.S. Capitol and the National Mall, to the AOC’s portfolio increased the total acreage under its stewardship to more than 570 acres. Then, in 2017, Congress transferred stewardship responsibility for the O’Neill House Office Building to the AOC and, in 2018, the AOC completed construction on the cogeneration facility at the Capitol Power Plant. Although most of the AOC’s managed facilities are on or near Capitol Hill, the AOC also maintains support facilities in nearby locations beyond the limits of the District of Columbia.2


the Commissioner of Public Buildings. In 1867, Congress combined the commissioner’s responsibilities with those of the Architect of the Capitol Extension, a position previously created to oversee the addition of both the north and south extensions to the U.S. Capitol and the cast-iron dome construction during the 1850s and 1860s. From 1874 to 1892, the grounds went through a major expansion based on the noted landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted’s grand design. In the midst of this expansion, in 1876, Congress passed legislation establishing the Architect of the Capitol as a permanent office under the legislative branch of the federal government.1


The 20th century saw significant growth in the AOC’s responsibilities as the agency oversaw new construction on Capitol Hill and took stewardship responsibility for multiple new facilities. On the southern, or House side of the U.S. Capitol Building, the Cannon, Longworth and Rayburn House office buildings were constructed and placed in service between 1908 and 1965. Likewise, on the northern, or Senate side of the U.S. Capitol Building, the Russell, Dirksen and Hart Senate office buildings were completed between 1909 and 1982. The AOC is responsible for the Capitol Power Plant, whose Generator Building and Main Boiler Plant were constructed in 1909. In 1922, the AOC received administrative responsibility for the Library of Congress’ Thomas Jefferson Building and later oversaw the construction and facility management of the Library’s John Adams and James Madison Memorial buildings in 1938 and 1982, respectively. Congress transferred responsibility for the Capitol Hill facilities belonging to the U.S. Botanic Garden to the AOC in 1934, including the Conservatory and the surrounding gardens.


1


Appendix A provides information on the 11 individuals who have served as Architects of the Capitol, beginning with Dr. Thornton, who is honored as the first Architect of the Capitol for his winning design.


2 Section I • Management’s Discussion and Analysis


The AOC is responsible for the stewardship of heritage assets located throughout the Capitol campus. In FY 2019, the agency installed the restored sconces and light fixtures at the Longworth House Office Building’s main entrance.


ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL


Figure 1 (Page i) provides a map of the major facilities on the Capitol campus under the AOC’s stewardship. Figure 5 provides a timeline of the growth of AOC’s responsibilities from the construction of the U.S. Capitol Building to the present day. A list of the major facilities under the AOC’s care is included in Appendix B.


2


For example, off-site support facilities include the Packard Campus for Audio- Visual Conservation in Culpeper, Virginia, and the Library of Congress Book Storage Modules in Fort Meade, Maryland.


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