Brazil, China, and India have also substantially
developed and revised their biofuel policies in ways that could have a large impact on food secu- rity both within their own borders and outside of them. Finally, the 2011 disaster at Japan’s Fukushima
Daiichi nuclear plant revived debate on the poten- tial drawbacks of nuclear power, and a number of countries are reducing their reliance on nuclear energy or phasing it out entirely. Tis debate may cause countries to shiſt to bioenergy, leading to fur- ther increases in global food prices.
THE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE NEXUS
In an increasingly interlinked global environment, policymakers have begun to more overtly recog- nize the links between agriculture and nutrition, health, water, and energy. Te agriculture, nutrition, and health nexus
came to prominence in early 2011 with an inter- national conference “Leveraging Agriculture for Improving Nutrition and Health” in New Delhi, organized by IFPRI and its 2020 Vision Initia- tive. Tis conference inspired and supported a range of new initiatives, including the launch
UN FOCUSES ON NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES The first-ever United Nations General Assembly on the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases declares the need for a whole-government approach that includes the agricultural sector.
September 19–20 UN ON LAND-DEGRADATION
The United Nations General Assembly calls for building a land-degradation-neutral world, a target reflecting the green economy theme of the Rio+20 UN Conference on Sustainable Development.
September 19–20
RUSSIA LIFTS EXPORT BAN ON GRAIN Russia removes grain export bans put in place the previous year after wildfires destroyed a significant amount of the annual harvest.
July 1
UN DECLARES SOMALIA FAMINE The United Nations announces that the drought in the Horn of Africa has led to outright famine in areas of Somalia.
July 20
FOOD/NUTRITION SECURITY IN AFRICA
Africa Food and Nutrition Security Day takes place for the second time and examines “Investing in Intra-Africa Trade for Food and Nutrition Security.”
October 31
NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY BILL IN INDIA The Indian government introduces the National Food Security Bill in parliament, shifting to a rights-based approach to food security.
December 22
BONN 2011 CONFERENCE LOOKS AT FOOD SECURITY
The German government hosts the Bonn2011 Conference on water, energy, and food security links in preparation for the Rio +20 UN Conference on Sustainable Development.
November 16–18
ASEAN RICE RESERVE ASEAN (Association of Southeast Nations) Plus Three ministers endorse the establishment of a rice emergency reserve scheme.
October 7 JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV
HOW MANY WERE HUNGRY? HORN OF AFRICA FOOD CRISIS
SEPTEMBER 2011 Over 13.3 million people in the Horn of Africa were affected by one of the worst droughts in 60 years.
UN: CLIMATE CHANGE AGREEMENT
At the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Durban, South Africa, the attendees decide to adopt a universal legal agreement on climate change before 2015.
November 28–December 9 DEC
million months
11 10
number of people targeted to receive food aid at the height of the crisis
time between the first alerts about a looming crisis and the peak of the famine
SOURCE: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
JUN 2011
FEB 2012
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